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5 4 00 

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MICRO JOURNAL 





YOUR CHOICE-smart either way 

• Over 140 software driven functions 

• 82 x 24 or 82 x 20 screen format — software selectable 

■ High resolution 7x12 matrix characters — P-31 green phosphor 

• Upper/lower case character set — plus graphics character set 

• 56-key alphanumeric keyboard — plus 12-key cursor, numeric pad 

• Internal editing functions — insert, delete, scroll, roll, slide, etc. 

• Parallel printer I/O port 

• 50 to 38,400 baud operation — programmable 

• Cursor type, cursor position, print control characters, protected fields, 
shift inversion, dual intensity and many other features 

8212 — twelve-inch diagnonal screen or 8209 — nine-inch diagnonal screen 







SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION 

219 W. RHAPSODY 

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216 (512) 344 0241 






Multi-User 



UniFLEX is the first full capability multi-user 
operating system available for microprocessors 
Designed for the 6809 and 68000, it offers its 
users a very friendly computing environment. 
After a user 'logs-in' with his user name and 
password, any of the system programs may be 
run at will. One user may run the text editor 
while another runs BASIC and still another runs 
the C compiler. Each user operates in his own 
system environment, unaware of other user 
activity. The total number of users is only 
restricted by the resources and efficiency of the 
hardware in use. 



The design of UniFLEX, with its hierarchical file 
system and device independent I/O. allows the 
creation of a variety ot complex support 
programs There is currently a wide variety ot 
software available and under development. 
Included in this list is a Text Processing System 
for word processing functions, BASIC interpreter 
and precompiler for general programming and 
educafional use. native C and Pascat 
compilers for more advanced programming, 
sort merge for business applications, and a 
variety of debug packages. The standard 
system includes a text editor, assembler, and 
about forty utility programs. UniFLEX for 6809 Is 
sold with a single CPU license and one years 
maintenance for $450,00. Additional yearly 
maintenance is available for S1 00.00. OEM 
licenses are also available. 



Multi-Tasking 



UniFLEX Is a true multi-tasking operating system. 
Not only may several users run different 
programs, but one user may run several 
programs at a time. For example, a 
compilation of one file could be initiated while 
simultaneously making changes to another file 
using the text editor New tasks are generated 
in the system by the 'fork' operation. Tasks may 
be run in the background or 'locked' in main 
memory to assist critical response times. Inter- 
task communication is also supported through 
the 'pipe' mechanism. 



FLEX 



UniFLEX is offered for the advanced 
microprocessor systems. FLEX, the industry 
standard for 6800 and 6809 systems, is ottered 
for smaller, single user systems. A full line of FLEX 
support software and OEM licenses are also 
available 



Box 2570. Wes! Latayotto IN 47906 
(317) 463-350? 

"UniFLEX and FLEX are trademarks of Technical 
Systems Consultants. Inc. 



i 



9 



68 



Portions of text prepared using the following. 

SWTPC 6800»6809-OMAF2-CDSI-CT82-Sprlnt 3 

Southwest Technical Products 

219 W. Rhapsody 

San Antonio, Texas 78216 

EDITOR - WORD PROCESSOR 
Technical Systems Consultants, Inc. 
Box 2573, W. Lafayette, IN 47906 
FLEX Is TM of TSC 

GIMIX Super Mainframe-Assorted memory boards 

GIMIX Inc. 

1337 West 37th Place 

Chicago, I I 60609 



Publisher: Don Williams Sr. 

Executive Editor: Larry Williams 

Subscriptions and Office manager 
Mary Robertson 



General Girl 'Friday' 
Joyce Wi I I lams 



Contributing Editors: 

Dr. Jack Bryant 

Dr. Chuck Adams 

Dr. Theo Elbert 

Dr. Jeffery Brownsteln 

Dale Puckett 

Russe I I Gore 

Ron Anderson 

John Jordon 

Dennis Womack 



* CONTENTS * 
FLEX USER NOTES 9 Anderson 

NOTICES II 

EPSON MX-80 12 Tucker 

6809 PERFORMANCE TIMING... 14 Morerla 

CLOCK SPEED ADJUSTMENT 15 Rohlf 

6809 SUBROUTINE INTERFACE. 17 Wood 

2 CPU - ONE SYSTEM 21 Reuter 

L I FECYCLES 22 W 1 1 k I n s 

BIT BUCKET 26 Al I of us 

HELP 29 

CLASSIFIED 29 



MICRO 



JOURNN. 



Send All Correspondence To: 

'68' Micro Journal 

3018 Hamill Rd. 

PO Box 849 

Hixson, Tennessee 37343 

— Phone — 
Office 615-870-1993 
Plant 615-892-7544 
Copyright C 1980 

'68' Micro Journal is published 1 2 times a year by '68" 
Micro Journal, 6131 Airways Blvd.. Chattanooga, TN 
37421. Second Class postage paid at Chattanooga, TN. 
Postmaster; Send Form 3579 to '68' Micro Journal. PO 
Box 849. Hixson, TN 37343. 



1-Year $18.50 2-Year $32.50 3-Year $48.50 



-ITEMS SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION - 
(Letters to the Editor for Publication) All letters to the 
Editor' should be substantiated by facts. Opinions should 
be indicated as such. All letters must be signed. We are 
interested in receiving letters that will benefit or alert our 
readers. Praise as well as gripes is always good subject 
matter. Your name may be withheld upon request. If you 
have had a good experience with a 6800 vendor please 
put it in a letter. If the experience was bad put that in a 
letter also. Remember, if you tell us who they are then it is 
only fair that your name not' be withheld. This means that 
all letters published, of a critical nature, cannot have a 
name withheld. We will attempt to publish verbatim' 
letters that are composed using good taste.' We reserve 
the right to define (for '68' Micro) what constitutes good 
taste. 

(Articles and items submitted for publication) Please, 
always include your full name, address, and telephone 
number. Date and number all sheets. TYPE them if you 
can, poorly handwritten copy is sometimes the difference 
between go. no-go. All items should be on 8X1 1 inch, 
white paper Most all art work will be reproduced photo- 
graphically, this includes all listings, diagrams and other 
non-text material. All typewritten copy should be done 
with a NEW RIBBON. All hand drawn art should be black 
on white paper. Please no hand written code items over 
50 bytes. Neatly typed copy will be directly reproduced 
Column width should be 3 1 /4 inches. 

(Advertising) Any Classified: Maximum 20 words. All 
single letters and, or numbers will be considered one (1) 
word. No Commercial or Business Type Classified 
advertising. Classified ads will be published in our 
standard format. Classified ads $7.50 one time run, paid 
in advance. 

Commercial and/or Business advertisers please write 
or phone for current rate sheet and publication lag time 

"68' Micro Journal 



GIMIX 2MHZ 6809 PLUS 32K SYSTEM 

IDEAL FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 



<& 



• You can order a system to meet your needs or select the one featured below. 

• INCLUDES: 6809 plus CPU #05, Mainframe Cabinet. Mother Board, Power Supply. Fan. 
2 Port Serial Card & Cables, 2 Disk Regulator Cards, and 32KB Static Ram. . . $21 94.89 

• For 50 Hz Export Power Supply, add $30.00 

• You can add as much memory as you need, e.g., 24K additional Ram to bring you 
up to 56K is $438.14 more. 

. 6800 CPU'S AND SYSTEMS ALSO AVAILABLE. 

DUAL DRIVE 5V 4 Disk Systems For Use In GIMIX Mainframes. 

• All Systems Include: Disk Controller, Cable, and GIMIX version of TSCS Flex. 

• Power for the drives is provided by the C.V. power supply in the GIMIX Mainframe 
and 2 of our disk regulator boards. This gives your disk system the same brownout 
protection and power supply reliability as the rest of the system. 

• When ordered with a GIMIX 6809 system, GMXBUG 09 and Boot Prom is also included, 
or, subject to availability, you may substitute Microware's OS-9 for the GMXBUG/FLEX 
combination at no charge, or have both, Software Selectable installed on the CPU. for 
S150.00 Additional. 

• Systems using Uniflex or Video based will also be available. 

• Due late 1st Quarter of 1981. GIMIX DMA Controller for 5" and 8" drives. 



SINGLE DENSITY 2 DRIVE SYSTEM USING OUR 
#48 DISK CONTROLLER 

CAPACITY IN BYTES 



DOUBLE DENSITY 2 DRIVE SYSTEMS USING OUR 
#28 DISK CONTROLLER 



WIIH 


FOHHATIFD 


IjNIMMltllD 


Wit* 




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CAPACITY IN BYTES 

FDItMtWD UNFOBMtmO 


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Doug* Sieed 


liitiH \ iKbiii 


■ ■■■;"■ • I 



32K STATIC RAM BOARDS 

Designed for use with: 



* Existing SS50 Systems * SS50C Extended Address Systems 



• Assembled 

• Burned In 

• Tested 

16K...S328.12 
24K .$438.14 
32K. . .$548.15 

I6K and 24 K veraons are 
socket*) lot 32 K and require 
only additional 2lt4's lor 
sxoansKiri 



• Write p/otKt eitner or iwo 1GK sections 

•Low newgi consumption — uses 21I4L low 

power RAMS 
■ Fully Socketed 

• Gold Bus Connectors 

• Guaranteed 2MHz operation 




FEATUHES: 

• Decoding lor 4 Extended Address Lines (allows 
memory fleeodirtg up lo I mesaoyte) 

• 0iP-!.»rlOi lo sal erterwed addressing o( disable d 

• 4 sesame 8K stocks, addressahle to any ex 
boundary by DIP- switch 

• Eacn 8K block may be individually disarmed 



THE CLASSY CHASSIS $998.19 



• 24 amp {6V| leno resonani centum voltage 
power suooly 

• Huvy welgnt aluminum catjinel with 3 position 
key switch. Ian. and km sons tor two tr'drsk 
drives. 

• 6800/6809 Mother Board, fineen 50 Pin and 
eight DiPswrtcn addressable 30 pin slots (gold 
plated pins] fully decoded 

• Baud rate generator on I/O section ot 
Molnrv Board 

I/O BOARDS 

for the 30 PIN BUS: 

t Pan Serial $ 88.41 

IRS 232 or 20MA current loop) 

2 Port RS 232 Son* 12B.43 

2 Port Parallel 88.42 

for the 50 PIN BUS: 

B Port RS 232 Serial 288.40 

B Port HS 232 Serial 318.46 

with on board Baud Rale generator 

B Port Parallel 198.45 



To Substttul* CMOS RAM. add S100 00 lor 16K. S1SO.0O tar 24K. S20D.00 lor 3?K. 



10 ORDER BY MAIL 

StHO CHECK OR MONEv ODDER OK USE TOUR VISA OR UASFF.R CHARGE 
PkMM ilm 2 Mefcs tar perwul tr*c»i 10 thai 

US meet* 100 to lunOlng It ad* 11 undo S200 60 FerngnOKJM KM SlO 
hanging II Older Is undu UQO go 

Foinee van Qitt SM0 00 win at iJuop«l «M EmeiV An FiifffSi COLLECT 
ino *v *m charge no hineXAg All worn must ot orepaifj n> U S fundi 
rtwi «k mat ta»gn cnetk* ruve seen taking araul I creeks tot aUKUr so 
«rrr would xnftw wiring mo"** c* clercln CrBwn on a tank account mint u S 
Our fcuu is tne CMtiimm iiinwu tutkxui B»/ik ot Congo iccaiM 
tn 12013 Vaa or MtoW, Chart* UU " c»Kt 

% at m mm 



flex and Unitlex are trademarks ol Technical Systems 

Consultants Inc 0S-9 is a IrademarK ol Mlcttware Inc See Ihetr ads tor 

other StMIX compalibie software 



FACTORY PRIME STATIC RAMS 
21 14 Super Low Power 200 ns $5 90 

ADO » 00 HANMlie Oft ORDERS UNDER WOO OO 



Phone, write, or see your dealer for details and 
prices on our broad range ol Boards and 
Systems lor the SS50/SS50C bus and our AC 
Power Control Products lor all computers. 



<& 



Gimix 



inc. 



The Company that delhers 
Quality Electronic Products since 197S. 

1337 WEST 37th PLACE. CHICAGO. IL 60609 
(312)927-5510 • TWX 910 221-4055 



SEE GHOST AD PAGES 33, 36, 39, 40, & 48 



OS-9" MULTIPROGRAMMING 
OPKKAI INC SYSTEM 



A 



true multitasking, real time 
operating system for timesharing 
software 
development, database, 
process control, and 
other general applications. 
This versatile OS runs on almost any 
6809-based computer. 

■ UNIX " like file system with 
hierarchical directories, byte- 
addressable random-access files, and full 
file security. 

■ Versatile, easy-to-use mput'output 
system is hardware independent and 
expandable to support almost any device 
with interrupt-driven. program-control, 
or DMA data transfer. 

■ Powerful "shell" command interpreter 
features: I/O redirection, multiple job 
stream processing, and more. Includes a 
comprehensive set of utility command 
programs. 

■ OS-9 Level Two uses hardware 
memory management and can address 
over one megabyte of memory. Also 
includes pipes and filters for inter-process 
data transfers. 

■ OS-9 Level One runs on systems 
without memory management hardware 
having up to 5f>K memory. 

□ OS-9 Uvel Two 
Operating System $495.00* 

□ OS-9 Level One 
Operating System $195.00' 



INTRODUCING 



6809 



SOFTWARE 
POWER 
TOOLS 



and edited. 

■ Buffer, line and character oriented 
commands. 

■ Search, change and extend operations. 

■ Permits multiple input/output files. 
□ Disk $95.00 



OS-9" 
INTERACTIVE ASSEMBLER 



STYLOGRAPH 4 * 
WORD PROCESSOR 

A Full-feature screen-oriented word 
processing system for interactive 
■ document entry and editing. Has 
cursor-oriented commands with dynamic 
screen refresh so the display is an exact 
image of the printed text. 

■ Editing commands include: line and 
character insertion and deletion: global 
string searching and replacement: "cut 
and paste" text rearrangement, etc. 

■ Formatting commands for: paging: 
left, right and center justification: 
headers and footers: line length and 
margins: and much more. 

■ I/O drivers for many popular video 
terminals including Hazeltine, ADDS. 
SWTPC. GI.MIX and others. 

Standard version $175.00 
Special version for 
proportional printers $195.00 



BYMICROWARE' 



E 



BASIC99'" 
PROGRAMMING 
LANGUAGE SYSTEM 

xtended BASIC language 
compiler/interpreter with 
integrated text editor and debug 
package. Runs standard BASIC programs 
or minimally-modif ed PASCAL programs. 

■ Permits multiple named program 
modules having local variables and 
identifiers. Modules are reentrant, 
position independent and ROMable. 

■ Additional control statements for 
structured programming: IF . . . THEN 
. . . ELSE. FOR . . . NEXT. REPEAT . . . 
UNTIL. WHILE ... DO. L»OP ... 
ENDLW, EXITIF . . . ENDEXIT. 

■ Allows user-defimed data types and 
complex data structures. Five built-in 
data types: byte, integer. 9 digit 
floating-point, string and boolean. 

■ Outperforms any other BASIC on anv 
8-bit MPU. 

■ Available on disk. Runs under 
OS-9" Level One or Level Two. 

□ Disk $195.00* 



M 



OS-9'" TEXT 
EDITOR 



nimum-keystroke macro text 
editor useful for text 
preparation or interactive 

word processing. 

■ User-detined macros with 

parameters permit virtually 

unlimited command expansion. 

Macros can be saved, loaded 



Compact Motorola compatible 
assembler for machine language 
program development. 

■ Operates in "batch" mode or 
interactive line-by-line mode. 

■ Facilities for generation of OS-9" 
memory modules and system calls. 

■ Formatted listings include syntax and 
context error checking. 

■ Runs on 0S-9" l.evel One or 
Level Two. 

□ Disk $95.00 



F; 



OS-9" 
INTERACTIVE 
DEBUGGER 




acilitates testing and debugging of 
machine- language programs. 

■ Includes common "monitor" 
functions: memory examine/change, 
breakpoints, display/change registers, etc. 

■ Calculator mode evaluates arithmetic 
expressions in hex. decimal or binary. 

■ Access to system commands. 

■ Available on ROM and disk. 
□ Disk $35.00 

ROM (2716) $50.00 



BASiCpl and OS-9 arc trademarks of Miciuun* and 
Motorola. UNIX u a trademark cif Boll LaboraloMcj. 



Most software is available on ROM. and 
diskette in versions for many popular 
6809 computers. Source listings and 
yearly maintenance/update service are 
sold separately for most programs. 

'Specify manufacturer and type of CPU 
and I/O controllers. Contact Microware* 
for specific availability. 



MICROWARG 



Microware System* Corp.. Dept. 
5835 Crand Avenue 
!)es Moines. Iowa 50304 
(515) 27»*B44 
TWX 910-5202535 



M3 





INNOVATION AND 
PERFORMANCE 






RT/68 KKAI. TI>IK 
(H'KliMINC; SVSIK.M 

MlKtili; — compatihle Rom that combines 
an improved monitor debugger with a 
powerful multitasking real-time operating 
R^^^B^H system. Supports up to l*i 
I^Vfl H concurrent tasks at 8 priority 
I^K H _ levels plus real time cluck 
' ^^^^^* and interrupt control. 
Thousands in use since 197(i handling all 
types of applications. Available on WOO 
(MIKBlC-typel or 27081 EPROM-tVPe) ROM 
Manual is a classic on (Mini real-time 

applications and contains a full source 
) pn>gram listing. 

i D RT68MX (68:)0) S75.0O 
D KTC8MM' (2708) $75.00 


A/BASIC COM.'II.KK 


' 1 'his BASIC compiler generates 
1 pure. fast, efficient 6800 machine 
M. language from easy to write BASIC 
source programs. Uses ^^^ ^^_ 
ultra-fast integer math. ^K^^R^ 
extended string ^^^H 
functions, boolean fe^P^VM 
operators and real-time 
operations. Output is ROMahle and runs 
without any rtm-titne package. Disk 
versions have disk 10 statements and 
require 12K memory and host DOS. 

□ Disk Extended Version 2. 1 j 
SSB or KI.EX* Diskette $150.00 I 


6800 
tFTWAI 
SUPER 
POWER 




BY MJCROWARE 


A/BASIC S()UKC>: 


6800 CNfcSS 

f\ challenging chess program for 
L\ the 6800. Two selectable difficulty 
A. M. levels. Displays formatted chess 
boared on standard terminals. Requires 
8K memory. Machine language with 
A BASIC source listing. 

□ SSH or ILEX* Diskette $50.00 

Our software is available for must 0800 
systems on diskette unless otherwise 
noted. I'hone orders welcomed. We 
accept MAS'I'KKCIIARCK and VISA. 
We try to ship orders within 24 hours of 
receipl. I'leasc c;ill or write if you require 
additional information or our free 
catalog. Microware* software is available 
fur OEM and custom applications. 

M MICROWARG. 

= = " I'd. Itnx |Mfi.V Ik* Maine* l\ .Vi:il(1 
- iSISi 27tl-stHt ■ TWX9MW20 1935 


CKNKKATOK 

\ n "add-on" option for A BASIC 
L\ Compiler disk versions that adds 
i Im extra third pass which gener- 
ates a full assembly-language output 
listing and as embly language source file. 
Uses original BASIC names and inserts 
BASIC source lines as comments. 

□ SSB or Hex* Diskette S95.0O 




version is perfect for Motorola 1)2 kits. 
□ SSH or Hex' Diskette S95.00 


LIST IftTKKI'RKTKK 

' 1 ' he programming language LISP 
1 offers exciting new possibilities for 
A. microcomputer applications. A 
highly interactive interpreter that uses 
list-type data structures which are simul- 
taneously data and executable instructions. 
LISP features an unusual structured, 
recursive function-oriented syntax. Widely 
used fur processing, artificial intelligence, 
education, simulation symbolic, and 
computer-aided design. tWHr lisp requires 
a minimum of 12K RAM. _ 

D SSB or Hex* Diskette $95. IK) 

"HJCX IS a trailim.irk nl Ti'dinicnl SvMenis = -= 
Consultant = 


A/BASIC INTKKI'KKTKK 

1 1 ere it is - a super-fast AHASIC 

1 1 compiler! Now you can inter- 
A. X. actively edit, execute and debug 
A BASIC programs with the ease of an in 
teipreter - then compile to super efficient 
machine language. Also a superb stand- 
alone applications and control- oriented 
interpreter. Requires 8K HAM. The cassette 





STYLOGRAPH WORD PROCESSOR FOR OS-9 



Stylograph is a full-featured screen-Oriented word pro- 
cessing program for creating and printing documents. 
Stylograph's interactive operation and human- 
engineered features make it the most accurate and easy-to-use 
kind of document-preparation system. Cursor-based editing 
commands and real-time screen refresh always gives an ac- 
curate picture of what the printed document will look like. 

■ Powerful Editing Commands 

The display cursor can be moved character-bycharacter, line- 
by-line, or page-by-page in any direction. The full compliment 
of "cut-and-pasle" edit commands permit blocks of text to be 
moved, copied, searched for. replaced and deleted. The — = 
"global replace" command searches for each occurance ^= 
of a given text string and allows selective replacement 
with another string. In the ''insert" mode the text is 
actually formatted before your eyes as you type! 



■ Complete Formatting Control 

Text or individual lines can be center, left, right, or left-and- 
right justified; page and line width can be specified: multiple 
tabs can be set anywhere. You can define page heading, 
footers, page numbering, identation and line spacing. 

■ Versatile Video Terminal Interface 

The basic Stylograph module uses a "personality module" to 
define the display control codes used by many brands of video 
terminals and memory-mapped video displays including: 
llazeltine 1400C1S00 series: Uar-Scigler ADM3-A: CIM1X 8(1x24: 
SWTPC CT 82 and 8212: and ADDS Regent series. 

^^ $175.00 

For proportional printers $195.00 

MICROWARG. 

5K15 Oraml. Ifcw *H65. Ite Mitina, l\ 503U1 • (51SI 27WeH4 



SOFTWARE... 
mSl has mDREi 

WE INVITE YOU TO LOOK AT OUR NEW SOFTWARE CATALOG 
WHICH OFFERS NEW PROGRAMS FOR YOUR 6800 SYSTEM. 

•All FLEX'" Programs from TSC are now available for MSI Computer Systems. 

'MULTI-DISK FLEX'" from MSI allows the use of any combination of MSI disk devices to be used 
simultaneously, including the HD-8/R 10 megabyte drive. 

•SORT/MERGE Program can be used manually or within other BASIC or assembler programs 
to perform high speed sorts of data files. 

•Hemenway Associates Software Products for use under FLEX'" are available on the 
MSI System. 

•TRS-80/MICROSOFT BASIC - MSI BASIC Translatorallows MSI users to run 
the large library of basic programs written for the TRS-80 and other similar 
systems. 

•SOFTWARE LIBRARY Programs keep track of all diskette and hard disk 
directories, giving alphabetical listings of available programs. 

♦SDOS Operating System. 

•MULTI-USER/MULTI-TASKING SDOS Operating System allows any userto 
perform edits, assemblies, compilations, or program executions 
independently and simultaneously. 

•All MSI software is supported on four (4) disk systems: quad density minifloppy, 
single and double density 8" floppy, as well hard disk systems. 

•Complete BUSINESS APPLICATION PACKAGES including sales order entry, accounts 
receivable, inventory management, purchase order entry, accounts payable, and general 
ledger are available on MSI hard disk systems, 

•PLOTTING PACKAGE gives daisy-wheel printers the capacity to perform graphics operations. 

'LETTERWRITER Word Processing Software allows the use of daisy-wheel printers to generate 
documents and to handle correspondence automatically. 

FLEX** is a registered trademark o! Technical Systems Consultants inc 

Send for your catalog today. 

midwest SciEntif ic Instruments 

220 W. Cedar • Olathe, Kansas 66061 • 913-764-3273 
TWX 910 749 6403 (MSI OLAT) Telex 42525 (MSI A OLAT) 



JCP 

J:k Cao-.rsl Protnm 

By Prttr Harris 



SOFTWARE ANNOUNCEMENT 



>M •*« »•»»■», a*. •*.*—*« .fc* •^'.<il(<.i«)tiliM 
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DATABASE MANAGEMENT 



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mm 

SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE... 




RUCPTX 

Intilligwt Ttrnioil Pro$r*n. 

By Ton* Spttr 

MMOIfaaWi *•*«>><».. M» *. e*0* . r j. „ nt«»M«| 



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By DtU Pttcidt 

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Watcii Tar Additional Listings . . . 



Owe. 23. 1990 



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► t A FRANK HOGG 
*7¥ LABORATORY.^ 




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•ix<ud<t o uMrlmgnugl, dilk wilh obrKl cod*. FU Y COMMENTED SOlMCE LISTING, a p'og ommnifl 

monuoj wifh info* motion about tfct program, himtfor chongtt Ofld whtrt opplKObto. tsomplt progrsmt 

VISA and MC o<c*pi«d SOURCE TCF339 

DEAIER INQUIRY ENCOURAGED Conlocl Fro«k Hogg Io. more rntormotion 

ATTENTION PROGRAMMERS' 

Wo in looking (or quality ultwon it morkot Contact Fionk Hogg 



•68' Miera Journal 



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South East Media 

P.O. Box 794 Hixson, TN 37343 
1-615-870-1993 



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Epson niaJ.es mare print mechanisms than anyone else in the 

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12 3 4 5 



Flex User Notes 



BY: RONALD W. ANDERSON 

3540 STRUBRIDGE OOURT 
ATM ARBOR, HI 48105 



THAT'S WHAT I GET 

A few Issues ago, I went and said something 
about the reliability of my SMTPC system. I should have 
known that that would be enough to Invoke a super case 
of Murphy's law with all Its associated coralarles. On 
about October 7, I finally received my new Qume 
Datatrack disk drives that I ordered on June 2. I spent 
some time getting things up and running, and on the 
following Saturday, was busy copying files and writing 
letters, when the system suddenly went dead. I wiggled 
and pokad at all the cards to no avalL After some 
couple of hours of thought, I decided to try a minimum 
system, le., ttia processor board, one 8K memory board, 
and the terminal Interface. Finally after some looking 
with an oscilloscope, I noticed thet there was no activity 
on one of the data busses In the I/O section of the 
motherboard, which accounted for the lack of 
communication with the terminal. I had a few spare IC's 
and changed the 0S8835 associated with the low order 
four bits of the data bus. Still no sign of response at 
the terminal, though the data bus was now showing 
activity. (Whan power up happens, the monitor comes up 
running, and tries to read an Input from the terminal.) 
I finally noted that one of the data busses In the main 
section seemed to be "loaded", in that the voltage 
swing was not as large as tlie others. (That Is, 1he 
pulses on that particular data line were smaller than 
the others.) t felt around with the back of a finger and 
found that the OS 8835 on my 6800 processor board was 
warmer than it should have been. It was removed, and by 
swapping with one from one of my memory boards, I 
suddenly had full size pulses on that bus, and I was 
communicating with the terminal again. 

This was the most difficult phase of the 
"restoration" process. Wltti the monitor working, I was 
able to try another memory board, etc. I found that a 
•ouple of other bus drivers on the memory cards were 
gone, and I began to realize what had happened. The 
data and address busses In a microcomputer system may 
ba of the bl-dlrectlonal type. Both are bl-dlrectlonal 
In the SS-50 bus. The bus driver chips are of the 
bl-dlrectlonal type. In response to a logic signal, they 
may be "senders" or "receivers". Normally, when the 
computer writes to memory, the processor board is the 
sender or driver, and the memory board that has been 
addressed Is the receiver. When memory Is read, the 
reverse Is true. What had apparently happened, Is that 
one of the drivers didn't respond to the logic signal 
and turn off. The result Is like connecting the outputs 
of two generators together (or Jumper starting a car 
and connecting the cables in reverse). A large current 
flows, and the "good" driver becomes bad too. The only 
cure for this disease Is to change all the drivers at 
once, since one bed one will cause the others to fall 
again. I had enough OS 8835's from three memory boards 
to get two running. My two 16K boards from Digital 
Research had bad 74367's, but I managed to get enough 
from two boards to get one repaired In terms of the bus 
drivers. To my horror, these boards still didn't work. A 
Sunday afternoon of swaplng 2 1 1 4 *s found me 7 bed 
ones. The damage had gotten beyond the bus driver to 
the memory devices. 

On Monday, I ordered some of the Items locally, 
the 2114's from California after some price shopping In 
the magazines, and the 74LS640 for my 6809 processor 
which had died, and the 74LS245 for the DMAF, which 
didn't function either. I took some chance trying these 
boards briefly to see If they had life In them. Two days 
later, the local order arrived and I was able to qet the 



memory boards up, less 4K for the bad 2114's. A week 
later, the SWTPC order arrived, and 1 replaced the 
drivers on the 6809 board and DMAF, both of which then 
worked Immediately. The next day, the 2114's arrived 
and I found one more Intermittent one and replaced it. 

Now I had everything running again. Still, there 
seems to be a slight problem. A few months ago, I got the 
6809 board and modified my system so that I could plug It 
In and switch the address decoding on the mother board 
and run It. As you might Imagine, (need to run 6809 and 
6800 software both, on my system for this column as well 
as for my work. I noticed a gradual Increase of 
seemingly Intermittent operation of the system. Often 
when I changed over, 1 had to wiggle cards a bit to get 
things going. I had been cleaning mother board pins with 
a rubber eraser now and then, but this dldnt seem to 
help at all any more. I noticed black smudges on the 
spring contacts In the card edge connectors, and 
figured out that they can be cleened by Inserting a 
round toothpick and rubbing. This didn't seem to help 
either. Finally In total desperation, I removed the 
mother board and turned It over to look for a cracked 
foil or soma such. There was nothing at all wrong on the 
bottom of the board, but I held the board up to a light 
and noticed a thin black line down each connector pin 
where It Is supposed to contact the card connector. 
The eraser didn't remove It, but a couple of swipes 
down each connector pin row with a pleca of very tine 
sandpaper restored the silver appearance of tte pins. 
I plugged the cards beck In and have had no trouble 
since! I woukJ like to know If anyone else has had similar 
problems. I had none until I started removing and 
plugging In boards regularly. Has anyone used a contact 
cleaner such as those sold for contacts on TV tuners or 
such with any success? 

Well, anyway, I am back In business, and would 
like to thank SWTPC here for the super service In 

fatting me the spare parts so fast. I haven't seen the 
4LS640's listed anywhere In the catalogs, and the local 
Tl distributor didn't have any In stock, though they had 
the 367's. 

PASCAL FROMTSC 

By the time you read this, TSC should have 
released their Pascal Compiler. It Is to be a "native 
code" compiler and not a P-code compiler. By that, I 
mean that It will produce machine code directly, and not 
an Intermediate code that runs through the use of a 
P-code Interpreter. Dan Vanada of TSC Informs me that 
It will have a full floating point capability, and 
Implement the whole language as defined by Jensen and 
Wlrth. I am anxiously awaiting a chance to try It out, and 
will report on It here In the future. My order will be In 
as soon as It Is announced. 

LEFT MARGINS ANYONE? 

A month or so ago, I received a letter from John 
Deal In Florida, who asked me tf I had ever thought of 
writing a utility to adjust the left margin when listing a 
BASIC program etc. He pointed out that the text 
processor works fine for formatting letters etc, but 
when an assembly listing Is made, It prints too far to the 
left of the page to allow punching for Insertion In a 
notebook. John realized that some printers allow moving 
the paper over to make this adjustment, but his doesn't 
allow this adjustment. By a very strange coincidence I 
received a letter from Francis Van Horn a couple of 
days later with a Print routine that has the Margin 
feature added. You will remember my mention of Francis 
In an earlier column. He pointed out to me that P.CMD 
and PRINT .SYS are not both required. All P.CMD does Is 
to load PRINT.SYS and run the subroutine to Initialize 
the port for the printer. I In fact published a print 
routine thai' was "all tn one". Since then I have switched 
printers, and had to write a new sat of drivers tor my 
temporary Heath H 14. I found It a lot easier to 



'68' Micro Journal 



Interface with more than one printer and avoid 
difficulties wltt the print method In TSC BASIC, to stick 
to tie two files. Additionally, with my new 8" drives I 
have enough sectors on the system disk tttot space Is no 
longer a problem. 'Van' wrote ttiat he had submitted the 
Margin, print routine to '68' Micro Journal In the 
Mlnlflex version, but ttot I should feel free to do up a 
FLEX2 and/or FLEX09 version. I am a bit lazy and didn't 
especially like Van's method of asking for the margin 
every time P, Is used In a command line. I therefore did 
my version a little differently. You may take your 
choice. Although the version presented here Is w rltten 
to link with the 6809 FLEX, you may change the 
addresses of the FLEX linkages to those of FLEX2 and 
the programs will run. I have avoided using 6809 
Instructions, and In this way the same program will run 
In both simply by changing the FLEX Equates. My program, 
after outputtlng a character. Jumps to a routine that 
checks to see If the character was a linefeed. If so. It 
Inserts a number of spaces determined by a count 
stored In a location by another utility called MARGIN. If 
you forget to use the MARGIN utility, PRINT. SYS comes 
up with a value of 0. The margin, once set, remains at 
tliat value until you re-boot FL€X or otherwise destroy 
ttie print routines and have to re-load them. P.CMD, 
Incidentally, checks to see If the PftlNT.SYS file Is 
loaded, and If It Is, It is not reloaded when you use the 
P,LIST command, etc 



Mil HARBIN 

TTL SET MARGIN FOR PRINTER 
t 

t THIS UTILITY STUFFS A NUMBER INTO A COUNTER IN THE 
I PRINT. SYS ROUTINE, THAT MILL ADJUST A NUMBER Of 
I SPACES TO BE OUTPUT AFTER A LINEFEED 
t 

t SYNTAX: HARBIN, 7 
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t VALID HARBIN COUNTS 0-9 AND A-F. IE THE COUNT IS HEXADECIMAL 
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The print routine Included here In PRINT. SYS Is 
for a Heath HI4 that I am using temporarily. I have It 



running at 4800 baud by means of a simple hardware 
handshake. The ACIA on the serial output board has two 
pins marked NOT CTS and NOT DCO. The NOT Is Indicated 
by a line over the CTS and DCD on the data sheets. CTS 
means Clear To Send, and DCD means Data Carrier 
Detected, Botli must be low In order for the character 
In the ACIA transmit buffer to be sent. These pins 23 
and 24 on the 6890 are connected to ground on the MP-S 
board but may be cut loose from ground and connected 
to the busy line from the printer. You can use the 
Index position of the connector, or disconnect one of 
the TTY connections TO If you are not thinking of 
running a teletype on that port. The print routine 
Illustrates tlie addition of the margin setting portion, 
and you may substitute your parallel printer routine. 
The only change In the output routine Is the JSR MARGIN 
after outputtlng the character. Note that the 
character that has just been output must still be In the 
accumulator so ttiat MARGIN may test tor a linefeed. 
The Margin subroutine Is added to the print file. It 
should be located near the very top of available 
memory In your system, and the overlay of MEMENO 
should correspond with tlie location before the start of 
this routine. You must do tttls part of the program and 
get 1tie address of COUNT so you may use tttls address In 
the MARGIN utility. 

Van wrote somewhat apologetically that he 
programs by shtlng down at the terminal and starting to 
enter code. Van, and all, there's nothing wrong with 
writing short programs for your own use that way. I do a 
great deal of that at times. I am one of ttiose who thinks 
that the time to do a flow chart Is after the program Is 
written. There Is an middle ground that I think Is more 
desirable than just starting to bang away, and that Is to 
have a pretty good Idea of what you are going to do In 
advance, and then break the program down Into 
managable sized sections. You can do this by using 
subroutines or other means. Inserting blank lines after 
the end of a section of code Is helpful In breaking up a 
long list of Instructions Into a more meaningful number 
of smaller "paragraphs". Comments are sometimes more 
a formality than a help. TSC used to supply source 
listings, and their favorite comment after an INX 
Instruction was "BUMP THE POINTER". With all due 
respect to TSC, the comment doesn't say any more than 
ttie Instruction, and a blank space there would provide 
some relief. LDAA followed by "LOAD THE ACCUMULATOR" 
does nothing to clarify the program. LDAA fl GET THE 
BYTE COUNT, however, does convey some Information. 
More useful than meaningless comments are labels that 
have some meaning, and a few lines of comments et tlie 
start of major subroutines tt>ar describe what the 
routine does, what Is passed Into It, and what Is 
returned. You might have discovered that the subrotlne 
MARGIN In my print routine here, results In what Is 
called a "recursive" program. The user program calls 
POUT to print a character. POUT calls MARGIN to check 
for a linefeed. If a linefeed Is found, MARGIN loads the 
A accumulator with $20 (a space), and calls POUT to 
output It. POUT outputs the space and calls MARGIN to 
see If a linefeed was output. Here ttie recursiveness 
stops, since the character Is a space, MARGIN returns 
to POUT, POUT returns to MARGIN which decrements the 
space count and calls POUT again, etc The program Is 
recursive because A calls B which calls A which again 
calls B. Recursive programming Is fine, and reduces the 
code required. It works as long as the recursiveness 
can't be Infinite, that Is, just like a loop, some 
condition must eventually become true, that will 
terminate the process. There Is one other condition 
that must be guarded against. The machine Stack must 
save all the return addresses for ell the calls, and 
there must be enough room for ttie stack to grow as far 
as necessary. In ttils case, the subroutine "nestng" only 
goes to a depth of 4. Some of my more Involved 
Assembler programs that use a floating point math 
package exceed a depth of 14 or so. At any rate. It Is 
an Interesting and simple example of a recursive 
program. 



10 



Micro Journal 



• TMIt UTILITY CTWr« * MB) IMTO A 

• PRINT. *Y* (OUT IIS. IMAT HILL adjust a 

• w orm to M ovm/T win * linefeed 



• Innui mnoiH.7 

• valid nmm cwm o--» and a-f. 

• EQUATE* 



M TIC 

OF 



IE 1W COUNT II «!• 





C042 


omci 


CBU 


KM2 




■ It 


COM 


EOU 


•Ml* 




CD03 


MM— 


eou 


scan 


cieo 






ORO 


KISO 


CIOO 20 


03 


«TM)T 


BR* 


■COIN 


C10J 01 




W 


FES 


1 


C103 




ITEPP 


HPB 


z 


CIM BO 


CD42 


KOIN 


JOB 


OtTHtl 


cioe v 


CI03 




STX 


ITENJ 


cioa «t 


CIM 




LOAM 


XTEPPM 


cite >7 


KIT 




STM 


count 


Clll TE 


CO09 




J* 


MM— 



NOTICE 



udh ma svte or 



BI8I DETECTED 



■coin cios 
ecoa 



COUNT 
<TShP 



C103 



0CT>CI C042 START C100 



• ACIA DRIVER FOR MEATM rRIHTEtl ON PORT 

• PRINTER -SUSV' TttO TO ACIA HWWK 



1000 

CC2B 



PORTO 

remind 



tow 

EOU 



If you live In the vicinity of Vancouver) B.C. and are 
interested in exchanplnf: names and addresses with fellow 
68XX users, or would like to Join the 68XX gub-proup of 
the West Coast Computer Society (meets at B.C.I.T. in 
Burnaby at 81OO pn on the first Wednesday of each month) 
write or calli 

David C. Wiens 

2261 East 11th Ave. 

Vancouver! B.C. 

Canada V5N 1Z7 

Phone Uok) 255-<fJ»85 



NOTICE OF CORRECTION 
On page 26 of the October issue of The 68' Micro Journal 
a reference to R13 on the schematic did not photocopy 
correctly rendering said schematic incomplete. The 
corrected schematic as it should have appeared Kith the 
article - 'A RORSC COK RECEIVING PROGRAM FOR THE 6800 
nlCRO" - by Terry L. Hayhugh it shown belos. 



ecco 



ORO 



•cceo 



ccco a* oj 

CCC2 er 1000 

tecs «* 13 

GCC7 97 1000 
CttA 34 



ccca » 

CCCO IT 



CCDB 3* 02 
CEOA *& EOOO 
PCM tj 



BTA 



**» 

PORTO 
LOR MIS 

STR PORTO 

RTS 



RESET MCI* 

MT UP CONTROL (IT* 



• TMI8 15 W EM) C THE PRINT** REAOV CHICK 

F1NCHK PULS A 

RTS 
» 

• CHEtK PRINTER REAOV 

• SVSTEH REWIRES "NEGATIV E" PL OP IN STATU* REOIDTER MT IF 

• REAOV. THIS 6M1FTS THE COPPLEPEWTED STATU* TO THE Slow BIT. 



LOA 
DOHA 

Asm 



ccof «• 

CCEO 4S 
4CEI 40 
CCE2 20 



C*C4 



• OUTPUT CHARACTER ROUTINE 
ORO 4CCE4 



CCE4 34 03 

CE4 B» (000 

CCEW VS 02 

CCEB 27 FT 

CCES 39 02 

CCEF 67 1001 

CCF2 BO MOO 
CCF3 3* 



BEOO 

BEOO 81 OA 

SC02 24 I) 

BE04 TO Ml* 

■to? 27 OF 

MOT 34 04 

MO* F* Ml* 

MOE (A 20 

M10 M> CCI4 
MI3 SA 

III 24 F* 

M14 39 04 
MIS 3* 



POUT PSHS A 

POUTl LOA PORTO 

BITA 4*2 

MO POUTl 

PULS A 

STA P0RTO-.1 

JS« NAR01N 
ATS 

• 

• HSRE IS THE COUNTER 

i 

ORO 4M0O 
• 

NAR01N CttPA P40A 

*NE NOSPC 

TST COUNT 

MO 



LDAS 

LDAA M20 

jsn pout 

DECS 

SHE UOOP 

PULS 

RTS 



SAVE ACCUMULATOR CONTtNT* 

TEST TRANSMIT SUFFER STATUS 

NOT READY. WAIT 

IF aCAOT. MT 04MSCTER TO OUTPUT 

OUTPUT IT 




*T0 R13 



IS IT A LINEFEED? 
[F NOT, HE'M UONE 
TEST NAROtN COUNT 
IF IERO. WE'RE DON 
SAVE B 
GET COJVT 



El* 00 



CC2S 
CC2B IOFF 



COUNT 



Fca 







ORO 
Ftl* 

• NOTE PATCH I* HEM 

• FROM M40 TO BFFF 



PRINT IT 

COUNT IT 

if not zero. 00 around a0a1n 
rotors » 



SET TO DEFAULT IERO 
PUT 



THIS PATCH 
UTlLlTV RfSIM* APR 



ERROR!*! DETECTED 



Also find belo- the CBU6 sonitor listings eentioned in 
the January 81 issue of The 66' Hicro Journal on page IS. 

Tha Kler4 Dork* A4n L Ipr T4P4 f«r 414 IaAii Sti4ck Cplir C4«putpr 

Thli tlPl II 4 p«<Mrii I4INJU4SI ini'it vfcleH It 144444 NllA 

Up >CV»<af inhM. It 14444 4t 4400 4*4 |4 1*41 t04« 2K li»*. 

A/t4r IIAatAf. ttti BASIC rei'i* In W P| ■tllciHIlt pf 1K4 

• l*4ll IIP! •taC', Tm». IP UlUr -MIS* 4T 'CHZ- |p liari 

lh4 *4ntt4r, lAtl4a*tlfif 44 p*41fy til BASIC ArA4T4A blfori 

441ns III 14 m*, Aawp liiiilifs.l rppulll. I MH4H \%* HnltlT 

»4» 4t4rt4t. It P44414 lh» BASIC AUffpT 14 itvl 4tV«^4 1P4 »4 

•f lh4 R4nil«r 4p4 rlppri It »vt. th«« lyP44 tit 4 fpptln* llnp. 
It 4144 ra«4tt tht HEX P4lntpr t4 t*4 ur al tir\ 44iftl4 lafllrh 
14 S40C 4P I94S IkIhI! .« lh«l 4«tu»4 CtCCa all I P4t 4P444 
4^y BASIC PT4|r4s ahlCTl 44V fell In P4P4P r. 

«*4« th4 44lltir 14IU4I It! priapt. I • I4| ll-la ttir C4444it4 
My *4 typ44. 4l4PB alth 4ny 44/4*4t*r4 P44444, KltK thi 
41C4Ptl4P>l llltl* MI4*. |AP444laP4 4P 4 IP I •■ 4n4 4«y M<^l>ll 

chtrtelp <4**cli p4 *ACllp4C4) «lll iw>« tti4 isampnA 44 Afe4P t 

4A4 VltNPR t4 tnl 44Alt4P SVPapt l4v4l. ClM.444 PP4 P444M 

4] ttiiy 4PP44T to thi itritn. pi ih 444C4I litMin th4 H/U4lfri. 
Put th«i« 4P4C44 vi illil by 1K4 spnltpp «M4 *n4w1l lit *■ typiS 
Iri *y ttii ttiiv. 



'68' Micro Journal 



11 



Tha fallaaini ara tha CdaaaKidai 

C Ca back. Kill ralurn la BASIC «rt|« a(l Ui aanitar mi inlp-id 
fraa ■•*• RMMW '* n t u*M ■'fara*. Tha rafialara. Includln* 
lha PC. *r • laadad tram tha rafialar lie! u AittliyM by lha 
R Cl«4n4. tltt ■■Cltim «n *t*Ca fraa* far apr a |«Ullt. ) 

■ Dulliy r«f ultr list. Shaato »liil aaa in tha fif litwi ah an 
thi aanitar •*■ anlarat, in4 a*al sill pi laadad by C «r J 
Cl l »l nda. < Baa ncllin »n I lac hi fr %mm far aer ■ data I la. I 
Tha ttMili«f ttln f*|ittif i* l il*4 tiat jn hit >ut in 

b nary. ■■ aach af id biti haa naanlnp. A lallar m4icalaa 

■ aria bit, an* a a*ah a aara bit. 

H Ntwy mami a chanfa. "H 1 34" all I ataalay a Jina af 
a if hi kiyt a a. a>t th lha cur aar by afar aaa 1234. Tha cur aar 
aaV b* aava4 u». daan, lafl, or rifht ■) th tha arraa tar* 
lor lha i cat a bar I la diapiay «f • •rwy. Typinp hn atoabara 
Bill i«lir data IMp aaapr y. * ttrf U|i ralurn aill ailt tha 
< l aai wl, AntlKr "M* tiaa lha aaaa affacl aa a etrrltli ritwfn 

Th j ■ e amaand la tha a* iMfy taa I far aw ■ tnp ■! th aachlna l m|ut|i 

t tftaafl tin ta miry, -| 1334 2349 47" ail] aat lacallana 1234 
thraufh 2343 (laclualval ta hai §7. 

T Trimfar alack af apnary, 'T Oil) 1234 2343" will ropy tha 
tantanli of tocatfani 0113 Ihraulh. 1234 ClnelUlVdl ta lha 
ana at Hair y atari I ftp at 2343, lata that \*<* ferm*\ of 
bath lha "I" ml "T" (tanndt caul* ba call "PBOrl - THRU - TO'. 

J JuMp la (Mthtnt- I*ri(u4|4 tubroutim Tti* rag i atari CC. A, 3. 
I. V. and U ara laadad, out af lha r aflat ar lit I ahoan by lha 
1 ciaitni, ant i JBA malruclian ti dam la lha location 

■ biclfiid, by (hi naraaatar. "J 1234" m i i j u «p la Iccallon 
12 4. and if an RIB l« tnceunlorad canlral n) 1 1 r a turn ta 
thi nanl lar. 

C Chanfa rafiitar Mat. Th>i n felliaad by a ■ in| I a-lal lar 
• ar aaa I ar ahich daalfnataa ahich r af i a lar la c hand a* 
AOaiaailili rafialar mmi ara A, ■. X. V. U. D Cdlracl aafa). 
C Icandlllan citiil. and P tKrirti e**nlirl, Thia tramfara 
canlral ta Ihi Binary maim / chanf a f unci Ian <*X" > at 
lha addraai an lha alack: ah ara tha apaciflad rafialar >■ 
■lar ad. 

■ S*»a ti taaaatta. "3 133* »*3 1337 riTr;.*- ifillaatl by * 
tarriafl ratiarm mil aa* 1 14* a Vila «n caaialta aith lha naata 
htriLI and caftfcaifiin* thf liU from 1234 Utrauah 2343 mc'ai v«. 
1»7 ii lha Iranafar addraai a* ich la laadad into tha CtCC 
tamlar. Tha laaa la Laadad ailh aVtBlC'i CVOASfl ceaaund 

and if an UlC ii thin d»n« canlral mil iranafar ta lavallan 
139?. 

3 Bat baud rata. II la fallanad by a valid b*u* rata (QUO, 
0900. OftOO. 1200, 24)0O. 4#00, ar 9400) and tha ainfla 
laitar P ar C a Ta uaa tha civ tlnb far wfla*4/da«n laad 
•w iU*ta *ada. ~C* ihauld b« itiadi *P" la far aitti^f 
a baud rata far uaa ailb a Kmlr undar BASIC. IT>a 
baud r*H nay nl I mill 2400 alt*' tha *** c^llin,] 

L Laad Mi. Thia lull data tnla tnc j ailhaul Ina faraatlinf 
d«na IV Ihi -M- cm>ina. B L 1234 23 43 *7 B9~ and a 
carriafl ralurn la aill mil lit uail r y atartlnf al I 34 
la lha vilun 23. 43. bT, and B4. 

• Canvarl hat la dacinal. *f 1234" al I I acini aul 4*feO, ahich 
la lha die ma] a«ulvalanl. 

Canvarl dacmal la hai- *. t2343" icarriafa ralurnj prlnli 

*ut 3033. ahich ii Ihi hai 4jutvalant. Unlihi aul faraailira, 

tha dacmal nuaair aay ba any ny.a>bir if dlfita (it lanf aa tha 

rnvll f tli In lai bytai) mi thar af or ■ *ui l taa taminatid by 
a carriifa ralurn, 

P Hova diablai' fafa. Any 3l2-hyla black af raa any ba diaalayad 
mn lha icrnn. Haraally tha blacli alartinf al 0400 la dlaplayad. 
iPrava thia la yaurialf by lyainf "L 0400 11 11 11 If a» 
aaaalhinf iimUr.1 Raa lyaa "POOOO". Thi uiiar lafl carnar af 
tha diiflay alll flaah furlouily* aar a an that In a aacand. Typa 
carriaga ralurn, and lha diaalay ai I I chanfi abpuplly. Yau 
ara ng« aelually laakinf «l aaaary alartinf al lacatian tara. 
Yau nil) natica 4ha kyta chanfinf rapidly, Ihli la thi cavntar 
a* leh ti mi trick af tha ca lar af lha cur i ar . Tha *oni tar ia 
running naraally, bul yau Jual can 'I aai lha at nam If yau'ra 
dirinf lyaa "C" la ralurn ta BASIC and carry an ahiia aliening 
lha vartablaa. Ta raalara ordar. lyaa *P* afain cahtlo in tha 
•anllari and lha dually alll ba faci: ahara It bala*ia (at 0400), 
nmm a i lhar lyf a a carriafa ralurn mr ana thar •*«> aaa. If yau 
aant ta natch lm alacb. lyi« "P Ittf lar a P OfTP- ftn a 4K 
•*eh ina>* 

Ta laak al a particular kyla of aaaary taay la aalth * v*r i ab I a 
at lacalian 1 34) lyaa -P 1234" and nail carafully lha Mil 
an lha acrain thai la faini null. Vhan yau hit ralurn. that 
apat alll diaplay tha var labia. 

U Ublaad. Thi ■ aud rati ihauld Plral ba aat Ifar •••■•> la, 

■B 1200 C"). U 1234 2343 alll imd ta lha coaa Ilnb mi* 

la thi icrun lha cantantl af 1234 thraufh 2343 ineiuilvi. 
in Matarala'a ch ckauaatad faraal. 

D Doanlaad. Tha baud rata ihauld firal ba aal. If 9*00 baud 
ii uiid t*r daanlaad, lhara ihauld ba at laail taa ataf blti 
raa aith any aaftaara IMIT). rVaaalnf any aay an tha baybaard 
alll abort tha aparalian. t>ala la usti tad **» lha c aaa 
link in thi aani faratat aa It n du*«ii by Uplaad. 

TiN tvtr i»fl»i'i mitwrutt. Until thia laaajnf 11 a&acut«f, 

il ib anBafinat ph*i ail] nappan if a %m\ |nt*f«cll*a i*mti it 
tfieeuMarad by tha fa>ot/ J Thia inatructipn a*ia tha vac tar 
ta that cpntrpl aill ralurn ta tha ■anilar. Haattina lanfuafja 
dibuaamt aay than ba accpa*liaha* by inaariin* lata inta 
thp ari|Pia, at "tilth ppinl IM *dnil«r a) I I ba iMtnl 
and i.ha rafiatar tmlinli duapad. Al thli t>alnl tba raflatari 
nay bi chpnfad * m C m caaaaandl mr pa*ary aiaalnad or altarad, 
af tar ahich aaaeut tan ay ba raaumad al tha paint af lar lha 
Bui by typlnf "Ci An BW] aay ba ml in placa af an aitatmg 



inatruclian In BAM and, uten I la atacutlan. tha tnitr*clian 
put back and PC dacraaanlad by mi bafori typing "0"- 

bula aaia. On« a aute *4>da ia antarad, anly a raaat alll rmm+vm 
It. Tha baud rala auat hava baan tat. Caaai nda art antarad 
nat fraa lha haybaard bul f r aa lha ceaaa Ilnb. Th* radfihii 
froa lha aantiar ahich neraally faaa la Ire icrian la Ruppt-ptpM 
All Voypriaaoa ara aant on tha caaa link. Thia aoda la tiaaful 
far uilnf tha caatbulor ai an Intalllfant iwaim) cennactad la 



Tha itacb rraaa 

Bhm lha aanitor It antarad. aithar froa BASIC m^ a BUI iSaa tha 
•*• caaaaandl, tha rafialara ara aavad on tha alack, (Vhan firal 
an lar ad. aaa»a r af i a ta*- ■ aay ba Chan|t4 firal, but auba ia;ant antr laa 
alll nat chanfa anythinf.i Thia alack f t aaf la ahal la Biablayad 
bv tht "I" coajaand. Tha "G" c fraa an i ia raally an RT1 Inatructlan. 
ahich aulaaaiical ly laada all lha rafitlara aff lha alack. 
T>a aparalia* af lha ataab ft mmm ca* ba aaan by typ i <aj •■" and thpn 
"J 040C* Typa 'I* afain and tha alach Pamtar ai I I hava *a«r aaaad 
hy OOOC* Thia ia bacauaa a naa alack f r aaa aaa avt* ahan tha 
agnitir an raanltrad. Th a a a aay I • ahanfad by Irie "C caaaand. 
M»a> type -C. Ma art back in lha aanitor. bul back ta tha flrat 
Hack fraaai any chahfaa ada to lha rafiatar lit! ara no langar 
lhara. AftOthar -G" aheuld ralurn to BABIC- Thia It aorth IhlnMnf 
about, anyapy. 

Offapl laadinf 

Thi aaniier it wTtllin ufinf all ralacalabia Cada. and aay 
tit orfial laadtd. Thia mil raitrv* by^fi Froa OBOO la lha 
boltia af lha aanitar ahich nalthar BASIC Mr lha aonitar illl 
uaa. All rafarancai ta abaalula addraaaaa In thi 0600 aria aada 
in ttui dacuaanl Bill hava la ba Incrpaanlad by tha affaal aaaunl. 



Jubs tabli 



tha aanitar, lafarancaa by pr 04 r aaa ahould ba m+4» la lhaia 
rathar than into lha body af lha aanitar cada aa aa la Inaura 
caaaatlbll ity alth fulura ralaam. Tha luapt ttarl al 0403 
and lakt thraa bylai iach. and Juap ta lha fallcainf rautlnaat 

' /? Hard atari - raiftl BASIC buffar. than Plra atari, f-.tTf 
i+*t Plra atari - builda alacft fra a. elaara aula aoda. aara ttar t iC *'4t 
Intarru.pl onlry - aaauaaa alack fraaa arlala. duap rafialara f -f r 
*'** ana] vara atari 

> k.ara atari • aava alack puntar A n« fa aiacula caaaaanda **/«- 

inbaih . laataa far lnp u i fraa aithar kaybaa d ar caaa link. >< gy 

Niybaard input alll hava bit 7 aal. caaa input til V elaar, 
j. i g Ihfiay - Xaybaard input. Batur na a I th bit 7 e I aar. #**, 
V. ■ n Cehi - Innay. thia Oulay. -„ 
i/^/vlOulay - Dulaut ta acraan. Tha canlrol cha «Cl«f i C*. LP. and J+3* 

•B ara inlarpralad ai thay aauld ba an a CUT. 
J 4+ R 82 32 - Output a bit byta ta caaa lint. ^»4. #• 
s- 7 4 R3733I - Input B bl I byta fraa caaaa I ink. ***.*>* 
jf i r Oulhat * Print 2 iifU h*a nuatbar ia wntn, BuaOiar la founal 

In lacatian 0433. Th 1 1 ia uaaful In BABlCl *^ty 

POKt 1MT.B I CI EC 1575 
/win rVint data - Kill a-r i n t th s data atrma. luairtf Out ay} aheta , 

addraai ia In tha I rafiatar. T>a aparatlan la anlaal 

ly iwll in tha atrma. 
Owl daciaal - prmia lha daciaal vatua af thp nuaabar in tha 
/tan D rafiatar iaiBi la tha acrabh allh lafl aara mrMiiin. ***•*' 

Thi valua tara aill praduca na output, 
#V- *>J Oul2h - Thia printi a ina byta hat valua ta tha acraan 

which ii aamtad al by X. I«crn anllnf I- It it tha ^J 1 ,/ 

vara tan af Oulhaz aaaifnad la ba aal lad by atachini- 

linduafa arafraaa. 

Van labia labia 

Tha fallaninf variablai ara tha fnly anaa af Intaraal ta tha 
uaar and tharafera tha anly onai ahich can ba counlad upon 
for fulura c aapai ib I I 1 1 y. 



pur** * *04)33 - IBB7 
■■'■ - 40434 - 1344 



tha Paraaatar ta tha Oulhai functlan. 

If nantara. tha aanitar aill St In 
auto aodi (Undar control af caaa Imbl. 

uplaad flap. If nantara. Oulay alll 
alaa aand la tha caaa Ilnb. 



EPSON MX-80 
REVIEW 



JOtau lUChC* 

roal OMKa- Bo* 79^% 

taraala. Ta**a 

7«oai 

Octaaar 23. I400 



nr. Don uilliaaa, Br.. PuaJ j ahav 
-a4' Micro Jow"il 
Peal 04*l<a Bon B4* 
rtl-BDO, Twhtlia* 373aS 

0m** Don f 

rha f D l lowing aacllad ravin ll tubal ItaO 4 or your 

canildtrati cm *ar Pub 1 1 cat ion and daacr laa*. m tar laaa than ftil 1 
Oatail lha no- Epnon MX-BO Ooi rlatrlM Pr tnta* . Thia ptvim la 

balnq praciarad (ualnf nana o| tha aa*vv aval labia anhancaaatntal on 
thia prlnlar , 



12 



68 Micro Journal 



it Mill b» difficult tn Dilnvi that tha (ohowing ducibn 
-m of tha ths laaat t,p«.iiv» Prints* aval labia today. 

niyllc<]IV. *"• prints la * llttla undar * l/«" nigh- 14 
j/4 h Kldti 12" dHPi "^d ""•i9 h « * mmr-m 12 pounds. **a la notao on 
CM* print-OUt, tnt e^rattw sat 1« * «»« aatrla and tftara ar„ 
^ rM » dncindtfi on tha apprOPriata I attar s1 A b.oeh ol 

mlt^^-c^mm ta.t «•* °" tnp print*** Is aaeaadlnglv raadabla aa 
thara «r« no aatolBultias in tha aalaetlon of chiClCttr 4or*>»tlon 

no Mistaking a r»on-daarsndl«g "q" for an "a", ate. aa i a, tna 

c a«a In aaa>a aval labia dot aatri* font*. 

HOTl alao that tha P»"lntar has rathor axtat.sivs flrapriic 
capjoll itlas. d •» r^IiMlofl tha Epaon MK-90 Modal ll I* you aro 
Intaraatad I r» Qr.pMt., -irita r Mm **or dataila on tha Modal 2 
•nich la rfua to ba r.ls-s*d shortly. Tns "*Od al 2 -HI hava 

Individual pritit-Hifs control WiUtiMi al cro-aPac i r\g botn 
hoclinital and varLlcal.l In ay aachlna, tna graphics aay ba 
turnad o*f lintarnal DIP awttch> and tha Japanasa lylUBiry 
■ ntt>ltd at tha •••• tl*»a. 

mil r-ivitu is bainq prlntad bld*r«c.t I canal 1 y talth tha 
prlntar 'a usual logic an ab t S-d . Natl that both atr^Kii a>*« quits 
a wan without tria r sggao left <or r i ght I narq*.n» 1 ■* t by somj 
pr Into* a. 

1 •■ running tha a nichina with an bit parallal intarfaca 
(diractly froa a gooOr old-f aah ion ad BWIPCo nP-C card). Tha 

intarfata 1 a Centronics atyla eO*PatlOI a — in Uct, I naply 
copisd a cord that Gary Machtsr of San Antonio u**t> to mtrrUc* 
liia KOI conpu>taf to a Ctntronici prlntar via a EWTPCo H»*-C card. 
Optional intarfacas *rm rT923Z and IEEE 4SS. 

intarnal logic in tha wScnina lnc}udas an 904V CPU -Ith 2K 
oii-enip Hu**t ** of »«twf:i| ftOHf and auaa appropriate wipport 
rhips, 

KM aC COrH TO Tfdl BOOOltB' Raliabllltyl tna print haad haa 
•ri evpactsd lifa of fro* 30 to 100 Million charsctara. AMD tha 
print haad Can ba Changatj M1TH NO TOOLE* just your finqara, AT A 
COST OF #20.00 retail*, fayed tnat I ins again and ballava It. Tha 
print haad assets to ba vary **sll constructed and is contained in 
a ge ne r ajua n*at sink. na>an Tiaa Pit ma n Failures of tha eechine, 
otnar than tha print haad. la con lir v »t » -el y rated at 3 a 1 1 1 I on 
1 inn, I If tha each in* totally ssl f -dastructad io«f«Mra at tha 
tea* and of tn« expected HTSF, you would still havo paid only 
about 1/IO0 of a cant pe> lins printed, depending an tho ratal 1 
*daai* you had s«ds. 1 

Tha ribbon is a larga cartridge, autraawly aaay to install, 
that sails for around alS.OO, ratal!. It is a literal anap to 
Chanqai ay first tlsa to install one «■■ aviaund in aicondl. 

Oon, you cannot spars tna race for tho full run-doaan of tha 
a «ny. aany * est Lira a of this pr inter i comOr eased print (16.3 
char sclar a par Inch) ( nor aal pr int 1 10 Cpl J I coepr eased a h pan dad 
print (8.23 CPU] expanded orint <3 CP1 > 1 boldface abllltlaa, 
ate. for a total of about a doran reathoda of printing, all tindar 
■arftwara control. Horizontal AND vartlcal tabs plus for-a> faads 

and 1 ina farads mr a standard 4 latum, 1har a art thraa I ins 

spacing* avallabla undar so#t***ra control, too. 

Tha print rata froa a parallal interfaca la 80 C*"*S anO a 
througnput rangaa fro* 105 Lf*n at TO charactara par I ma to 46 
LPfl at 00 chsractsra par llnm. Printing la vary qulat lalacat 
stlsnt ««an coap*rad **i th tha It«M ay unit raplacsdl. 

Papar hand I ing is Oy ad Just ab I a tr *ttor-typa pin 4 s so al th 
tha aaaiast ad jwataan t s avsv found on a prlntar. Up to 3 part 
for«« say ba accoaodalwd with thiea-naas adjust— ant a aiapls 
llttla lavar to ba togglad t»y ana * ingsr . P*pmr aay t ar*g» froa 
4" to lO- and Is tad through a vary cltvtri UMla, #>aintanancs 
f<-ss aaparatpr syatsw so that incoatng papar is not pullad undar 
War baing output froa tna nachl na. Tha loading and a Jact paths 
*rm ccanvajrtlontl y froa tha raar. 

ihs sKhmt Is so 1 ight and rvnm wJ th aasant tally no 
vibration or "thuap* and ouas>s ■ bacauaa of tha bldlractl on« ] 
printing aystsa. Alaoal any dati or f urni tura Itaa la suitabla 
for aiipport. 

Thar v in sapis lights and Indicators for all functions! 
Pfl'iar Oni Prlntar Aaadyl Papar Dutf 0>i Una. Tha printar qoas 
Off Lira and sounds a (plaasant ton dt Duliar i nt arm tt ant 1 y for 
•**»t thirty iKondi undar a Papar Out condition. Switch** +. w 
provtdad «or f*ommr On/Off* On/D** Linai Form Fasd) and Ltni Fiid. 
Tha I att*r two Mill opsrato onlv In ^n Off Lino condition to 
pravant apol I ing pr int-Ou t ■- 

A •**! I )«•) tt an for t y paQa instruct ion book is Inc ludad with 
tns aachins. it ti>ta all forty pagss to discloss sue n things 

■B1 

DIP saiitch solsction a* charactar sots fori 
U.G.A. 
Franca 
Bars any 
England 

Japanasa syllabary 
DIP asitch saisction of 22 optiono via 12 s-itchas 

It it lapoaslbla not to xn snthusl astlc ova*- tha Epaon rlZ-BO 
prints*, fipaclallY a* tar having dkiCOvfrfd tnat Epson Bawlca la 
Ln Ihs proem of salt I ng up nation**! da d 1 str lb wti on, 

daatarships, AMD rapalr ctnttri. Bavsral long con war sat Ions **ith 
thair paop la laft a* faallng that tnay rsally dn "givt s darn B 
about ths cultaaar *a satisfaction and hi s raps l r ntadi. Tna 

coats tria> quo I ad on rapairs indlcatad that thav don ' t Intand to 
gat rich an thia part of thair buslnsss 1 

It la EpMMi't atal.ad policy to aaka thl* ona of tha lOMsst. 
if not tha I OMtt. Of lead prlntar a on ths sarlat and yat to 
attain a high parr f or aiancs stariOarg. 3v nl*t I tun 1 1 aa 1*11 ba 
abla to tall you nam It h«ndlad a 1 • 2*0 paga solid tast 
print-out. If it tahas that without blowing tn bits* it sill hlv* 
dona bat tar than ay IBM has m*mr dona. 

t hapE-i I V racpaanand this printar to tha at t ant ion of tha 
raadars of tha **fl" fllcro Journal. 

Koto This reviex h«s photo reduced - these it* lints art 
output froi an Epson HI-80 printer, ahich has turned out to 
be a fine printer, by our tab checks also. 

P 
Dear Don, 

I protised to arite and tell you how the Epson 
HX-80 printer held up under the load of printing a 

'66' Micro Journal 



super-long file. The run has just finished. It 
consisted of a draft of sote novels. The fortat nas 
65 characters per line. 27 printed lines per page 
(double spaced), each page titled and nutbered and 
identified si th the author's nate — standard fortat 
for subiissiofl except in this case the author Ranted 
to see it si th both aargins justified in order to get 
a rough idea of hon it aould look in print. Because 
of the author's style. «e estiaated a 901 line fill. 
Thus, there aere 1 ,580 characters per sage. The file 
ran 1,3B2 pages, rly 'Hon to Type in 3,000 Easy 
lessons' tanual says to figure 5 characters per aord. 
This would tie a total of 436,712 aords. 

You are reading an output frot the saie ribbon 
that aas used to run the file, and it is still set for 
a fairly light itpression stroke. Me can find no sign 
of needed taintenance on the tachine. Indeed, the 
tachine looks nea since ae've vacuuted out the little 
round 'dots' of paper frot sote itperfectly punched 
tractor feed holes. 

Nor, if Re can find a Text Processor that doesn't 
Rork our disk drives so badly, ae'll be extretely 
happy. Our TSC Text Processor for tiniFlex takes a 
disk read for (approxitately) each tao lines printed 
on the page. That leans that the drives never stop 
running during a print-out and that the heads are 
loaded and unloaded thousands upon thousands of tites 
during long runs. (Shugart, Re love you!) Has anyone 
ever heard of a Text Processor that aill read an 
entire file (or a big chunk of itt into aeaary and 
process out of RAH rather than directly off of disk? 
I Rould surely be interested in one like that — if it 
ran in tiniFlex. 

8y the Ray, in tao years I have bloan an M6B00 
chip on both an flP-A and an J1P-A2 card. I have only 
lost one other chip in the entire systet, which is 
fairly loaded. The other chip aas an output chip on a 
serial interface card. It didn't like the idea of 
driving a 20 til loop for another printer so it just 
resigned frot its joe. (I run the Epson HI-BO frot an 
ItP-L parallel card.) Can anyone suggest the reason for 
losing the HiBOO's? 

Appended is a little list of handy routines to 
keep next to the tertinal when using the Epson MX-BO, 
(The Fill Hetory With Zeroes is for those days ahen 
you turn on the cotputer and the disk doesn't aant to 
boot; it's a todification of a routine frot a back 
issue of The Journal.) 

I hope the holiday's were pleasant for everyone. 



^Jorin TuChajT 

FILL MEMORY KITH ZEROES 
"0000 

0000 86 00 
0002 BE FF FF 

0005 36 

0006 20 FD 
J0000 

[RESET) 
DOUBLE HIDE PRINTING (ONE LINE) 

HECHO OE, or 

CHRK14) froi Basic, or 

.Da frot Text Editor or Processor 
COMPRESSED PRINTIN5 (UNTIL CANCELLED) 

HECHO OF, or 

CHRK15) frot Basic 
CANCEL COMPRESSED PRINT I NE 

HECHO 12, or 

CHRKIB) frot Basic 
SET TO B LINES PER INCH 

HECHB IB, 30. or 

CHRt(27),CHR$US) frot Basic 
RETURN TO 6 LINES PER INCH 

HECHO 18,32, or 

CHRK27I.CHRK32I frot Basic 
OTHER ENHANCEMENTS AVAILABLE 
SEE INSTRUCTION BOOK 



13 



6809 PERFORMANCE TIMINGS 



Performance Timings lor the 6809 

In the March 60 iHua of BYTE James R. Lawn published • number of measured 
timings lor TRS-80 levels I and U and for an IBM 370/148 (Ref. 1). It triggered my 
curiosity - how would my own computer fere on that wm teat? I hava an SWTP 
C/TJ9 computer: 54K memory, lMhz £609. a CT-82 and a OMAF-2. 1 decided to 
rial Mr. Lewie's teat both In BASIC and assembler, and campsje my timings with 
those stated In hts article. 

Ihe temptation of knowing how tha £609 processor comparei with the 37D/14B wai 
big. 1 aleo wanted to get e better feel for the new faeturei on the 6809 
architecture, specially trwee related to auLo-relocetlng programming. I took Mr. 
Lawli 1 orlo>nat proqrem (It li e 14-llrte 6AS1C program to compute ell prime 
number, from ] to 10000, an listing 1) and run It. It took all 17 minutes, quite an 
Improvement over tha TRS-80 level fin 31 mlnutee itatad by Lewie, hut t muet 
confeaj I had expected TSC Baalc to be teeter than that, I then wrote an aaaamoler 
version of the program (pee lilting 2) using auto-relocellon techniques. It ran In 6 
mlnutee end SO seconds, which It again much auperior to the original Baalc vereion. 
I then rewrote the tame proqrem In eesembler but uelng direct eddreialng aa much 
at poaelble. The execution time oncreaeed to 6 minute* end 10 seconds, e 10% 
{improvement over the sutorelocetlng vereion. 

The table below comperes the 6809 tlmirigt with the TRS-80 and IBM 370/148 
timtnge obtelned by Lewlei 



Liulng 2t 

• progrem to compute prime numbers • sutorelocetlng version 



Prime Nianber Generator in 6809 Aaaembler using autoralocetlng 
techraguae 



1. TRS-8D Laval II Bailc 

2. Z8D esesmbler 

3. 6809 Banc (TSC Baalc) 

»• 6809 sevembler autoreloc.i 

J. 6809 aaiamtilar direct 

6. BM 370/U8 eawmbler 



6h Jlmln lOtec 

22mln Msec 

*h 17mln lOsec 

6rnin lOeec 

6<ninl0»ec 

56e*e 



30 


PRINT LIST OF PRIME NUMBERS- 


40 


PRINT 


lo 


PRINT 1(2|3> 


» 


CaO 


70 


M.J 


80 


M.M.Z 


90 


FOR K«3 to M/2 stepK-l 


100 


IF eSIT (MrX)*K-M.O than 190 


110 


NEXTK 


121 


PRINT M| 


122 


C>C.I 


190 


IF M< 10000 TICN80 


195 


PRINT " C . »( C 


200 


END 



• general aguetat follow 



ptlmg iqu 
outch equ 
outdec equ 
renlfy equ 
11 m equ 


ICOIE 
JCO0F 
5C059 
SCO03 
10000 


■ the following equate, d 


m equ 
k equ 
m2 equ 
tpequ 6 



2 
4 



print string routine 
output a oheractar 
output a decimal number 
OOS an try point 
maximum of ell numbere 



. currentprlme-to.be 

. loop Index 

. m/2 for acceleretion purpoate 

size of local variable eree in stack 



following are soma messages for printing 



HUH fee 'litt of prima numberail 2 3 ' 

fdb Soft, lot 

MSG fee -C » ' 

fdb to?, 107 

fdb S04,104 



The TRS-80 end IBM tlmirigt are from Lawlt. I aleo Inhibited ail output in the 
aaiembler routines to make sure I weant measuring terminal l/o time • I got 6mfn 
43eec for the autoralocetlng program dieting 2} end 6mln 3eec for the direct 
program (listing 3], which enowv thet virtually all terminal output it overlapped 
with actual programming. 

I alto ran the tett using Lucideta Pascal. The program can be eeen in listing 4. [t 
took 2h SOmlft, which lee substantial Improvement over BASIC. I then replaced the 
remainder computation (REPEAT statement In listing 4) with REPEAT X:» m mod 
k, using the built In mod function • the time dropped to 2h ISminf 

Titers ere tome Interesting conclutionai while coding In eteembler givet an 
improvement factor of 3? In the SWTP, It only Improves the TRS-80 timings by 20. 
Doet Mat mean that the TRS-80 Basic ueet the ZBD better than TSC Basic uses the 
6809? There it no fancy programming Involvad in Lifting 2 or Listing 3i It took me 
one evening to do both, and I never came back to try to optimize any of the 
progirame. The 6BD9 le only about 6-7 timee elowor then the 37D/14B processor, 
which ie e comforting result If you look et the prices. The 6809 It 3.3 timet fetter 
than a TRS-80 In this tset - I wee reelly hoping to tee a larger number than that. 
And It seema that Lucldete Paecel It e winner, et least In Uile sort of compute 
bound eppllcetlon. 

Anyone to run the same tette on an SI 00 machine? 

Al Morelre 

22 The Paddock 

Chalf ont St. Peter 

Bucks SL9 DJQ 

England 

1. TRS-80 Performance Evaluellon by Program Timing - Jamea R. Lewie 

- 8V TE, April 80. 



Lilting 1: Prime Number Generator from Lewis" erticle 



iratlellze 



primee to „ 


-tp,i 


Seey 


hdruKT 


I" 


pttmg 


Idy 


#0 


leex 


3,y 


Its 

• 


m,i 


• mekar loop starts here 


top Idu 


#3 


ttu 


M 


Ites 


2,x 


etx 


ni.i 


tfr 


x.d 


lira 




rorb 




add* 


01 


ltd 


m2,l 


• minor loop itarte fiere 


loop tfr 


xrd 


inratr sobd 


k.e 


bge 


Inner 


eddd 


** 


beg 


bat 


Jeau 


2*1 


etu 


** 


empu 


m2,t 


ble 


loop 


lees 


m,s 


>" 


outdec 


leey 


J.y 


• 




•tree it the bottom of the 


a 

bot Ida 


m,i 


cmpK 


slim 


bio 


top 


leex 


mag.pcr 


>»r 


pstmg 


•ty 


m,e 


lees 


m,e 


r»r 


outdec 


to at 


Ip.s 


Imp 


nwitry 


end 


primes 



reserves apace for locsj varleblet 

point to rausdar rnaasaga 

ask FLEX lo print It out 

clear y (count of prima numtjarO 

Xs3sm«current candidate to prime 

m»3 



u, k.3. loop count 

msm+2 

move m ( In h register) to d register 

and divide It by 2 

becoming m2 



prepere lo eomput remainder 
compute remainder or mA 



If remeindar-0 number is not prln 
else let us try next divisor 

If k m/2 

then try next divisor 

alee resnber ie prime 

aek FLEX k> print It 

and bump number of primes 



if m .10000 

then do tha mayor loop again 
else prepare to print last msg 
and a* FLEX so do It 
point to tha total of primee 

and print it 

restore stack to Iti primitive locetlon 

and go back to OOS 



Listing 31 



Prime Number Generator In 6809 Assembler using Direct 
Addressing 
* progrem to compute prime numbers * non eutorelocetable vereion 



14 



68 Micro Journal 



pstrlng equ SCOIE 

outcn equ SCOOF 

outdee equ |C039 

rentry «qu SCOQ3 

lim equ 10000 
• 

* date division tteru here 



. print a it ring routine 

♦ output ft chvecter routine 

, output ft decimal number routine 

. reenctry point into 0O5 

. m eximum pri ma nbr 



k 


fdb 







loop count 


m 


fdb 







prima. to-ba 


m2 


fdb 







m/2 


HDR 


fee 


•lilt of prima numbaret 12 3* 




rdb 


Sot. iw 






MSG 


fee 
fdb 


to;, J07 








fdb 


104,(04 






■ procedure 6 vlalon atftru here 




primei 


Idx 


#ndr 




point to hdr mag 




Jar 


petrng 




print It 




idy 


#0 




covntcO 




leex 


3,y 




x regi»ter_3 




•ti 


m 




m s 3 


* lop of outir loop 






(op 


Idu 


§y 




Us> 




•tu 


k 




k-3 




leax 


2.K 




m*rn+2 




l(X 


m 








tfr 


x,d 




m2*m/2 




l*rn 










rorb 










add 


#1 








■td 


m2 






• up or itrper loop 






loop 


tfr 


x,d 




prepare to compute remainder 


inner 


•ubd 
boa 

eddd 


k 

inner 

k 




computa remainder of m/k 




baq 


bot 




, axlt if not prima 




leeu 


2,u 




. bump toop count 




■tu 


k 








empu 


m2 




', If k m/2 




ble 


Joop 




, than reloop 




Idx 


0m 




, point to number 




]«r 


oucdac 




. go print 




leey 


l.y 




. bump pointer 




bol 


Idx 
empx 


m 

film 


. if in 10000 






bio 


Cop 


* than repeat outer loop 






Jdx 


*m»g 


. alia prepare mag with total 






J" 


ptlrng 


, 






ttf 


m 








Idx 


#m 








j»r 


outdac 


. and print it 






)mp 


rantry 


. return to COS 






and prime* 





Lining ft: 



Primei Generator written in Paacel 



proqrem timing* j 

corat np * 10000 ; 
war 

X,Z : Integer ; 

CM : integer ; 

k : integer ; 



begin 



writeln ; 

write {" liW of prime numbere: 12 3"); 

QasOj 

m : * 3 ; 

wNle m<npoo begin m: . m ♦ 7 \ 
kiaJ j 
x:r 1 : 
repeat xi« (m/k)»k-m; 

ki»t»2 
until (k>m div 2 or (x.0)i 
if xOO then begin write (m)| 
c: a c*l 



end; 



wrttaln ; 

write <«C =,'<CJ t 

end. 



Clock Speed Adjustment 

for the 

SWTPC MP6800-A2 Processor 

F. J. Rohlf, Dept. of Ecology and Evolution 

George Damm, Division of Biological Sciences 

State Univ. of New York 
Stony Brook, NY. 11794 



When the SWTPC microcomputer is used with 
a floppy disk system the processor speed becomes 
quite critical. The instructions furnished by 
SWTPC suggest that the user check the processor 
speed and adjust the values of resistor Rl and ca- 
pacitor Ct (see Figure 1A) so as to obtain a proc- 
essor speed of 1.0 MHz (or at least a speed within 
the range 900 KHz to 1.05 MHz). Percom in its 
instructions furnished with their LFD-4001M disk 
system suggest that the capacitor CI be replaced 
with a 4 MHz crystal (with a 32 pf capacitor in 
parallel) and resistor Rl be replaced with a jumper 
wire (see Figure IB). They suggested this modifi- 
cation since the circuit shown in Figure 1A is 
temperature sensitive. 

While Percom's modification allowed us to use 
their disk drives, we found its operation was not 
entirely reliable. The output of the clock circuit 
was not clean (see Figure 2) and sometimes it 
would oscillate at twice the desired frequency 

The simple modification shown in Figure 1C 
gives more reliable results. Since it is not recom- 
mended to tune an XTAL with a parallel capacitor 
due to loading and lowering the O of the XTAL, 
we replaced resistor Rl with a tank circuit tuned to 
4 MHz to ensure operation at the desired 1.0 MHz 
frequency. As is the case of the Percom circuit we 
also replaced capacitor CI with a 4 MHz crystal. 
Figure 3 shows the output of our clock circuit. We 
have been using it on two microcomputers (both 
using Percom's LFD-400TM disks) for almost a year 
and have had no detectable problems. We have 
never observed the clock circuit to oscillate at oth- 
er than the desired frequency. 

Figure 4 shows the components of the circuit 
in Figure 1C in place on the MP6800-A2 board. 
The Capacitor CI is not visible since it was sold- 
ered on the back of the board. 



'68' Micro Journal 



15 



A. ORIGINAL CKT. 
MC6875 




6. PERCOM MOO. 
MC6875 




=±=32pf 



C. PROPOSED CKT. 
MC6875 



X 2 
EXT IN 



SCOPE 
/■'POINT 



Figure 2. 



Figure 3. 



• 














y 


i 
















f 
7 
















[- 

n 










— 












n 




















k 


















1 



XATL 



XTAL 
4 MHz 



Figure 1. 



h .... 



Clock circuit! for SWTPC MP6800-A2 proc- 
euor. A. SWTPC circuh. B. Percom modified 
circuit, and C. a'proposed circuit. 



L= IO/th 
C« I50pf 



Figure 4. 



Oscilloscope trace of output or the circuit shown 
in Figure IB recorded from the "scope point" 
shown in Figure 1 B. 




Oscilloscope trace or output of the circuit shown 
in Figure 1C recorded from the "scope point" 
shown in Figure 1C. 




Photograph of part of the top of a SWTPC 
MP6800-A2 board showing the modification 
required to implement the circuit shown in Fig- 
ure 1C. 



16 



'68' Micro Journal 



6809 SUBROUTINE 



handling routine, or the routine 
an area at the end of the stack. 



can use 



J. L. Wood 

57 South Main Street 
Cranbury, Mew Jersey 08512 



1. 



Introduction 



INTERFACE 



This article presents my views on what 
should be a standard for 6809 programming. 
The aspect that I will discuss is stack 
frame management. This concept is some- 
times referred to as a calling convention. 
It deals with how arguments are passed to 
subroutines, how automatic, private 

static, and global static variables are 
allocated and referenced , how registers 
are saved , and how the stacks are manipu- 
lated . 



2. Rltter - Boney Scheme 

In their excellent series of articles in 
the January - March, 1979 Byte Magazines 
on the 6809 Ritter and 8oney show on pages 
40 and 42 how a typical high level 
language might use the hardware stack 
pointer, s, and user stack, u, for calling 
subroutines. Their scheme has the advan- 
tages of being interruptible , reentrant, 
and relocatable. Reentrant means that a 
routine could be interrupted at any point 
in its operation and be reentered from a 
different path, executed, and return to 
the original set of data and continue pro- 
cessing without error. For exanple, take 
an interrupt servicing routine which 
processes two ACIAs, one running at 1200 
BAUD and the other at 9600 BAUD. Suppose 
an interrupt came in from the slower dev- 
ice requesting the output of the next 
available character in the buffer. When 
it is half way through its task, an inter- 
rupt comes in from the faster device. The 
slow task is pushed down and the fast dev- 
ice is serviced. Upon return from the 
second interrupt the slow device's service 
is completed and the first interrupt is 
returned. Obviously the entire interrupt 
servicing routine should take a whole lot 
less than 1 msec, or we'd never get any- 
thing else done. Reentrancy requires that 
the routine not modify any static vari- 
ables. Che way to avoid static variables 
is to pass the work area in as a parameter 
which could be a function of the interrupt 



The stack layout is interruptible because 
the £ register is never allowed to wander. 
It is always kept pointing to the last 
used byte. 

Relocatability is provided by never using 
a 16 bit absolute address. Every refer- 
ence to a memory location is indexed from 
some register or passed in to the called 
routine by a higher level routine. In a 
disk based system user managed overlays 
now become trivial to implement. 



3. Advantages of This Method 

In addition to the good things about 
interruptibility, reentrancy, and reloca- 
tability my layout has at least three 
advantages to that scheme. In theirs 
arguments are passed to subroutines using 
the method named "call by reference." 
Instead of passing the argument to the 
routine the address of the actual argument 
is passed. I use "call by value" which 
passes a copy of the argument. This 
enables every routine to be recursive, a 
very handy feature if you know how to han- 
dle it. Calling by address has two other 
problems. The first is that if two 

instances of a routine are passed the same 
argument by address and the routine modi- 
fies that argument, then reentrancy is 
destroyed. Subtle bugs of this kind are 
among the hardest to detect because your 
program may run for hours or days and then 
mysteriously bomb . Second if constants 
are passed to a routine which expects a 
variable and then if the routine tries to 
modify it, it may be trying to write ROM. 
In this stack frame layout the u register 
is always in a fixed place with respect to 
the calling routine's saved status. Thus 
a debugger which knows about this layout 
can do all sorts of marvelous things. 

Finally, I push my arguments on the stack 
in reverse order to their declaration in 
the calling routine. This may seem like a 
silly thing to do, but now we can write 
utility subroutines which don't know ahead 
of time how many arguments they will be 
called with. The printf function alluded 
to in the hanoi program below is an excel- 
lent example. It gets its number of argu- 
ments from the ?£ keywords in the format 
string. Alternatively either an argument 



'68' Micro Journal 



17 



count can be passed as the first argument 
or preferentially an end of list flag con- 
sisting of an illegal value to the rou- 
tine. 



»— > 



«i-> 



[ K-go 

• **l b 

I «•«• 

I pod) 

I pain) 

I U<1> 

I u<h) 

lira 

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i iiii 

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cilll ,u«r. aril, trio, *utot ) 



l<») 



I rnullU) 
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ril^t 1. 3t*cr Layout 



4. How it Works 





ldd 


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l.rt 




piiu 


d 


a rid* b»cop»« »i 




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proof 




1 




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■nils section will describe in detail what 
goes on during a call to a subroutine and 
the return. 

There are three accompanying Figures, 
numbers 1, 2, and 3- Figure 1 is a pic- 
torial of the stack layout with high 
addresses on top and lower addresses on 
bottom. Figures 2 and 3 are code frag- 
ments from a calling and called routine 
respectively. The commented lines are 
what a programmer would write, or the 
equivalent, when supported be a suitable 
macro package. Following each comment 
line is the macro expansion. In the com- 
ment fields of the appropriate lines are 
indications of the transitions of the u 
and s registers which can be referred back 
to Figure 1. 

4- 1 Argument Passing 

As mentioned earlier I pass my arguments 
by value in the reverse order to that in 
which they are declared in the call. The 
prime reason is that this allows for vari- 
able length argument lists to be passed to 
subroutines. In the example, however, 
this feature is not exercised. Each argu- 
ment is loaded into an appropriately sized 
register, the a for b.yte length arguments 



and the d^ for integers, and then pushed 
onto the stack. One small failing of the 
6809 is that it is not truly a two address 
machine. For example you can't say; 



mov 



10(u) , — sp 



as you can in a true two address architec- 
ture. 

4.2 Pointer Manipulation 

The most difficult thing to understand is 
how the s and u registers are manipulated. 
The s register is simply moved downward 
during the call and then rapidly restored 
upward upon return. It is restored in two 
steps because of the who knows what prob- 
lem. The caller knows how many arguments 
were passed , and the called knows how much 
automatic storage was obtained. The stack 
pointer is never let to wander. It is 
always firmly anchored at the lowest byte 
used; thus an interrupt can come at any 
time and sanity is preserved. 

The ^j register is always pointing at the 
high order byte of the caller's ^j regis- 
ter. This keeps a fixed relationship for 
debugging. Bitter and Boney point the u 
register at the base of the automatic 
variables which I feel is wrong. 

To preserve the sanity of the stack, mani- 
pulation of the s and u registers must be 
left to the macro package. Sending the ^j 
register off to point to never never land 
Just to save a load or a store is false 
economy. 

In my first draft, I had the u register 
pointing at the last saved register. Then 
I realized that the macro package could 
easily be modified to provide for an 
optional user parameter for the registers 
saved if I placed the u register pointing 
at the high order byte of the old ^j 
without loss of generality. My original 
coding was: 

Ritter said that the lea instruction would 
be handy. 

4.3 Saved Registers 

I only save the jc, jf, u, and pc registers 
and not the whole bunch which could 
include the ^£, £C, and a and b or d. The 
a register surely and most likely the b 
register will be clobbered by either the 
call or the return. Indeed the 6809 with 



18 



'66' Micro Journal 



Its single 16 bit accumulator has a 
bottleneck here. The accumulator must be 
considered a scratch register. 

The d£ register should never be manipu- 
lated by a user program and need not be 
saved. I don't agree with the practice of 
using the cc register to return informa- 
tion to the caller. This is another tough 
debugging situation and not a good struc- 
tured technique. The test or arithmetic 
operation should be tightly linked visu- 
ally to any branch on condition that 
depends on it. 

1. 1 Returned Values 

Values returned by functions can be either 
characters, Integers, or pointers. They 
will be loaded into the d register if 
Integers or pointers or into the a_ regis- 
ter if characters. Some valid discussion 
may be made that these character length 
values should be returned In the d regis- 
ter after being loaded Into the b register 
and sign extended . 

1.5 Variables 

Variables have two aspects aside from 
being characters, Integers, strings, etc. 
These are their scope and lifetimes. 
Scope represents just who knows about what 
and by what name. A variable is local if 
it Is known only within its defining rou- 
tine. It is global if every routine in 
the whole program can access that variable 
directly, locals are the safest to use. 
Debugging programs with lots of interact- 
ing globals is a nightmare. Host micro- 
computer lsts probably don't know any 
better having only BASIC and rudimentary 
assemblers to work with; they probably 
just wonder why programming is so hard to 
get right. 

The second aspect concerns lifetime. 
Automatic variables are created at each 
entry into a routine and destroyed upon 
return. It is the programmer's responsi- 
bility to ensure that they are initialized 
at each entry because they will almost 
always contain garbage. When a routine is 
exited the space reserved is returned and 
can be reused by other routines. Static 
variables on the other hand exist 
throughout the life of the main program. 
If you set a static and return, when you 
come back in It will still retain its pre- 
vious value, unless some other routine has 



clobbered It that is. 

1.5.1 Globals Globals are to be avoided 
if possible. In many cases they just 
invite bad programming practices. On the 
other hand , they can be very necessary. 
The address of an I/O control block is a 
good example of a commonly used global. 
This will allow writing on the output dev- 
ice from anywhere In the program. I don't 
mean to stuff characters down an ACIA but 
to have some agreed upon value to pass to 
a system I/O routine asking it to do the 
actual work. 

I recommend that the 6809' s dp register be 
used for global access. This gives 256 
bytes of storage which can be referenced 
with short instructions. This might not 
seem like a whole lot considering the size 
of a FLEX FCB, but remember I said to 
place the pointer there not the data. 

1.5.2 Automatics Automatic variables are 
taken off the stack by moving the stack 
pointer down by the required amount as the 
last operation in the entry code. In the 
examples I show an auto macro which 
defines the automatic variable area. 
There are three kinds of automatics ints, 
£hars, and ptrs. Each has Its sub-macro 
which assigns automatically an offset of 
the jj register and adds its length to the 
amount to be reserved. When the auto 
macro exits it generates the stack pointer 
move instruction. 



1.5.3 Statics 



As 



is the ca 
automatic variables there is a 
macro. I haven't worked out th 
details for this, but it probabl 
assign initialized values to an 
address space which will become 
that's what you are doing, and un 
ized ones to RAM. Addressing 
program counter relative. 



for 
static 
e exact 
y should 
area of 
ROM, if 
initial- 
would be 



1.5.1 Treatment of Arrays What to do 
with arrays? These are tough; I don't 
think that they should be assigned to the 
stack because they take up just too much 
room. I would prefer that a system level 
allocate/ free entry be available which 
manages memory. That way arrays can be 
treated as a pointer to an array. Defin- 
itely arrays should not be passed around 
as arguments in a machine with an 8 bit 
data bus. 



'68' Micro Journal 



19 



5. Recursion 

I present as an example not only of recur- 
sion but as a tour-de-force for this 
method the famous "Towers of Hanoi" prob- 
lem. This states that there are three 
needles on one of which there Is a series 
of disks of steadily decreasing size. The 
objective Is to move the disks from the 
first tower, t1, to the second, t2, using 
the third, t3 as Intermediate storage. 
Only one disk can be moved at a time and 
at no time can a larger disk be placed on 
a smaller. 



One possible debugging feature of a macro 
package Is a compile time debug option. 
If this flag Is turned on, several things 
can happen. First, stack growth would be 
checked on every subroutine entry against 
a limit stored by the operating system In 
the direct page. Also, the programmer can 
sprinkle special debug and assertion mac- 
ros around which are activated by the 
debug flag. Debug macros dynamically 
display values and assertion macros test 
states of the program and error out If 
false. In a production progran these 
statements are left In the source and 



The recursive solution Is to move n - 1 
disks from the first to the third using 
the second tower as storage. Then the 
largest disk can simply be moved to the 
second tower. Finally move the n - 1 
disks from the third to the second using 
the first as storage. The only other 
thing to do Is to place at the top of the 
routine a stopping point for when n 
becomes zero, 0. The routine Is presented 
In Figure 4 Just as It would be written 
using my stack layout supported of course 
by a suitable macro package. A driver 
routine containing a line of the form: 



Mnol ptact 



lntU), 



lnt{, «U tJ 



wlrt forfeit. «KXf. Id Trim fe Co lo\n" 1 



dac d 

M, A min 1 

e*U( ntaol. ft mia 1, CI. 11, t? ) 
CdlH prlntr. 7iw»*t. ■• M. t? ) 
e»U( hdidl . «_»!■_!. 13, t?. 11 ) 
Maol9 rctfftO 



Fllir* 4. Temr% «T Kiwi 



call( hanol, 5. 'a', 'b' , 'c' ) 



generate nothing In the object. 



Is also required 



7. Implementation 



6. Debugging 

One of the things we seem to spend so much 
time on as assembly level microprocessor 
programmers Is debugging. If a progran 
bombs for some reason, one of the nicest 
things to know Is just how you got to 
where you were. A very simple debugger 
can be written which not only tells you 
how you got there by tracing the ^j regis- 
ter, but It can also tell you the values 
of your arguments and automatic variables, 
unless a good convention Is followed, this 
Is not possible. 

This convention Insures that when a pro- 
gram goes haywire and must be postmortem 
debugged the u register Is In the same 
place with respect to the old ui and jpc. A 
general debugger will not have any a 
priori knowledge of how many arguments 
there were, how much automatic storage was 
obtained, what manipulations of the £ the 
programmer has done, -nor even what portion 
of a call If any was going on. 



I 've mentioned In 
macro package wo 
using an Interface 
standard Is quite 
one errors are ext 
hand . Programmer 
Instances and the 
them Is to make 
standard than to v 



several places that a 

uld be a convenience for 

standard. In fact the 

complicated and off-by- 

remely likely If used by 

s are a lazy lot In many 

objective In managing 

It easier to follow the 

lolate It. 



The macro language In which the package Is 
Implemented will have to be quite power- 
ful. It will require recursion In order 
to Implement the variable length argument 
lists of the call and proc macros. In 
addition preprocessor, a synonym for macro 
processor, variables are necessary for 
passing offsets and types around to vari- 
ous macros. The auto and lnt macros set 
up the storage class, size, and offset of 
a name. These values are later used In 
call macros to determine which register to 
Index from and by how much as well as 
whether to use a Ida or ldd Instruction to 
prepare for the pahs. 



20 



•68' Micro Journal 



8. Conclusions 

I've tried to spark some discussion of 
what Is a very Important topic In progran- 
mlng. Some will say that efficiency Is 
lacking in these standards. I reply that 
a nonworking program is the most ineffi- 
cient thing there is. These standards 
provide Isolation of one module from 
another. Many programmers will tell you 
that their systems are modular, but if you 
look carefully you'll find out that what 
they have coded up is a lot of modules, 
not a modular system. An enhanced assem- 
bler can be a very powerful and productive 
language. Note that in the hanol example 
the programmer coded up 21 statements of 
which 4 were strict assembler. These 
would expand into approximately 17 
instructions. These decisions are among 
the first, after selection of the 
Implementation language, that must be made 
at the beginning of a software project. 
This is what I'm doing personally. I'm 
setting up my standards, getting together 
my toolkit, and steeling my nerves to 
trade In my SWTP 6800 and mlnlFLEX for a 
brand new SWTP 6809 system. 



2 CPU 



ONE 

SYSTEM 



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DRUSUSSTR 62 
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LIFE CYCLES 



MARK E. WILKINS 
206 5 MOntrose Dr. 
Thousand Oaks, Ca. 
91362 



One of the more visible 
movements in our society has 
been to an increasing aware- 
ness in biorhythms. Yet, the 
authenticity and scientific 
foundation is somewhat ques- 
tionable. One area which has 
not received interest is the 
subject of Cyclic Law which 
does have scientific foundation. 
Everything you can see, hear, or 



touch is subject to Cyclic Law. 
The earth revolves on its axis 
every twenty four hours, creat- 
ing day and night. The earth 
travels around the sun every 
365% days and results in rhy- 
thmic seasonal changes. Trees 
grow large from small seeds, 
then wither and die. Every- 
thing in the universe and in- 
deed, the universe itself, lives 



22 



68" Micro Joomal 



and moves in accordance to 
Cyclic Law. 

We humans have our own 
cycles, but unlike the universe 
and the trees, we can control 
to a large degree the what and 
when of our own existence 
through evaluation of these 
cycles. We need not be the 
slaves to fate, so start now to 
live in harmony with the Laws 
of Cycles. The following pro- 
gram will start you out and 
guide you into the right direct- 
ion. 

We are all faced with daily 
decisions. The man in his bus- 
iness, the woman in the home, 
the child in school find them- 
selves face to face with prob- 
lems which could have various 
affects on their futures. As 
people decide, so will they 
determine their fate and estab- 
lish their destiny. 



Everything in the world, 
has a cyclic existence of its 
own. This not only refers to 
men and the universe, but also 
to corporations, disease, and 
even ideas and emotions. All 
have a distinct starting point, 
a definite rhythm of its own. 
These cycles are like a line 
drawn out for various length 
and divided throughout their 
duration into equal segments. 

Medical science, biologists, 
and physiologists agree that 
human life is divided into a 
progression of cycles of seven 
years each. From birth to an 
age of seven, there is a cycle 
of self discovery in which the 
growing child learns his rela- 
tionship to the world and how 
to adjust to this world. The 
next cycle from seven to four- 
teen affects the physical growth 
and muscular control. The third 
cycle is one of mental and phy- 
sical growth and the fourth is 
one of growing spiritual aware- 
ness. The fifth is a creative 
cycle and so on. 



'68' Micro Journal 



Most cycles have seven 
divisions, like the seven days 
of tha week or the seven notes 
ii h nusical octave. Thefce are 
also cycles of three, four, and 
twelve cycles, although those 
of seven are most frequent. 

Just as a human life is 
divided into cycles of seven 
years, so is each year of life 
divided into seven cycles of 
about fifty-two days, and each 
one of these cycles provide you 
with different possibilities, 
opportunities to be grasped or 
problems to be reconciled with. 
The calendar year has nothing 
to do with this cycle. This is 
your life cycle. It extends 
from the day of your birthday in 
one year to the day before your 
next birthday. 

The attached program is 
self prompting and easy to use. 
The program works with either 
basic or extended basic, and 
requires 4 8k of memory for the 
extended basic. Lines 310 and 
545 provide the output to be 
directed to a line printer if 
a program called "print. sys" 
resides on disk 1. Lines 520 
and 540 change the print size 
on my Heath Hll printer. Since 
this program deals in rounded 
numbers and a day cannot be 
divided into a partial day, 
there will be a one day difference 
between the last day of the 
seventh cycle and the birthdate. 

For those individuals not 
willing to input this rather 
large program, I will provide 
a 5k disk ver. Flex 9.0 contain- 
ing the complete lifecycle pro- 
gram and a biorhythm program 
which takes leap years into account, 
to produce monthly biorhythm 
charts. I will provide this 
disk for $9.95. Forward requests 
to the above address and I 
would enjoy corresponding to 
persons who have found correla- 
tions to the charts. As a side- 
light, I used the startup date 
of my computer system to run the 
cycles and found that a failure 
occured in the seventh cycle, 
coincidence? 

23 



WE HAVE A 6809 FOR YOU 



POWER SUPPLY 

Modular plug-in construction with computer grade 
filters and a 25 AMP rectifier bridge. B lower 
fan is standard equipment. All con- 
nections to the power line 
are beneath the 
safety shield. 



INTERFACE 



Convenient serial or parallel I/O cards have DB-25 
connectors mounted directly on the circuit 
board. Up to 16 interface devices may 
be installed on the address decoded 
I/O bus. Programming strips are 
provided for input and out- 
put baud rate selection 
on each port. All 
outputs are 
fully buf- 
fered. 




CABINET 



PROCESSOR 



Rugged 1/8 inch alloy aluminum 
base plate combined with a solid 1/8 
inch alloy aluminum cover for unsurpassed 
protection. All interior metal is conversion 
coated. The cover is finished with a super tough tex- 
tured epoxy. 



The world's most powerful 

eight-bit processor, the Motorola 

MC6809. plus2K byte monitor ROM 

that is 27 1 6 EPROM compatible and full 

buffering on all output lines. Built-in multiuser capability, just add I/O cards to operate a multi-terminal system 



MEMORY— You can purchase the computer with either 8K bytes of RAM memory (expandable to 56K). or with the full 
56K. The efficient, cool running dynamic memory used in this system is designed and manufactured for us by "Motorola 
Memory Systems Inc." 

PERIPHERALS— The wide range of peripheral hardware that is supported by the 6809 includes: dot matrix printers (both 
80 and 132 column), IBM Electronic 50 typewriter, daisy wheel printers, 5-inch floppy disk system, 8-inch floppy disk 
systems and a 16 megabyte hard disk. 

SOFTWARE— The amount of software support available for the 6809 is incredible when you consider that it was first 
introduced in June, 1979. In addition to the FLEX9 operating system, we have a Text Editor, Mnemonic Assembler, Debug. 
Sort Merge, BASIC. Extended BASIC. Multiuser BASIC. FORTRAN, PASCAL and PILOT. 

69/K Computer Kit with 8K bytes of memory $ 495.00 

69/A Assembled Computer with 8K bytes of memory $ 595.00 

69/56 Assembled Computer with 56K bytes of memory $1,595.00 




SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION 

21 9 W. RHAPSODY 

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216 (512) 344-0241 



6809 DISK SYSTEMS 



All disk systems are supplied with our version of FLEX 9, the world 
standard disk operating system for the 6809. Our systems normally 
operate in double density format, but they are compatible with single 
density, or single sided recording formats. FLEX is supplied with over 
forty utilities, many of which are only available with our systems. 

Our disk systems offer you mass storage at low cost. The cost per thou- 
sand bytes of storage for our various systems is shown in the chart. 
Other 6809 disk systems have costs up to three times greater for the 
same general type drive. 



0-5 Two double sided, double density, 5" disk drives with a total on 
line capacity of 720,000 bytes of data. Includes cabinet, power supply, 
connecting cable and controller. Controller will operate up to four 
drives. This is an ideal disk system for small stand alone word proces- 
sing systems, or for businesses that do not work with large inventories. 

14 x 6 x 10 - 20 lbs $1,295.00 



DT-5 Double track density version of the D-5. The DT-5 uses two 96 
track per inch drives to provide an on line capacity of 1 ,400,000 bytes. 
Includes cabinet, power supply, connecting cable and controller. Con- 
troller wilt operate up to four drives. This is a disk system with enough 
capacity to include small inventories of up to 1,000 items, plus the 
usual business package of general ledger payroll, etc. 

14 x6x 10 -20 lbs- $1,695.00 



DMF-2 Double sided, double density, dual eight-inch disk system with 
an on line capacity of 2,400,000 bytes. Our "top of the line" disk 
system features a DMA type controller for fastest possible data trans- 
fers. This drive was designed for larger businesses and multi user in- 
stallations. The DMF-2 will provide the fast operation necessary for 
systems running multiterminals under the UniFLEX operating system. 
Complete with a heavy duty 1/8-inch metal cabinet, power supply, 
connecting cable and controller. The controller will operate up to four 
drives. 

1754 x 5 x 21 V, - 53 lbs $2,495.00 

CDS-1 This "Winchester" type hard disk provides both large storage 
capacity and high speed operation. The CDS-1 is the answer for systems 
that must handle large inventories or systems with more than four ter- 
minals. The controller has its own processor and uses DMA data trans- 
fer. 

CDS-1 - 115 lbs $4,395.00 



TYPE 


CAPACITY 


COST 


D-5 


720.000 bytes 


$1.80 per/K 


DT-5 


1.400,000 bytes 


$1.16per/K 


DMF-2 


2,400,000 bytes 


$1.04 per/K 


CDS1 


16,000,000 bytes 


$ .27 per/K 




D-5 or DT-6 




OMF2 





SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION 

219 W. RHAPSODY 

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216 (512) 344-0241 



t|PECVT*L*3 - CAUU. BT 1 ONS Of CYCL IC LAW 



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fXAVS. HAI-JNO PLANS. FO» ALL AATTEAS — QLfIB H Q BBABlW 

»f, JJlt» THllAlHt ATE- THE ABILITY 10 WW *S«H" . 
LUCIWV, V0l» HH4> WILL •* FILLS* WITH HEW lfrWj**IWW>"- 
PfFtT TFV FAFIW-V. » IT IS IfAVTfBil fMWf VOU DAT40T> IML 1 
fVtftl" **• F1IT THEA IHTO HAT T ICE BEFtJAE THEV « "AC01 «" 
0* FUBHID AS ICE »V THE HfU THDUCHTS UHICH MELL CAOWD UAOH TMEI* 

II IS TMEMftlAE " 0OH> CXLE TO AC T OH IftaSlI 00- 
'rttl WILL BE tPTlHJiTIC IN THIS CYILLE BUT SCFAaAATT- 

-*<h AtJTLEJS HHICM 1> TO BE E>AECTED «ITH VOUA IHA01N-' 

A*-.' Pff4»ir UFITEAS JCUFHAL I S Ts - B0O> C* PBtfCM ****L 1 ** 1 " 1 " 
-A" AF -AACFil To St^'Ttnin PA.L. LErtF*. BMD 0TW» COCUWHTS" 
-CTT ^JWHTFTXtV eerBtrSl (*CEFT|£*« IS POSSIBLE BBBj 
*C'i '■ * tm« ti HS UCU4MTL- AHlt EA4tL , . , t ^AESSET AS THE 
'I .. ML * >L"< IJOM BBTflil B ll AAAJM0T, > X.W|^ff 
■ ; t»Bj RAJ vi .>v IITUAff] - * ► tH THIS -*--»**■ ™^. 
„OLC TA>E rAtLJAJTlOMS TO AAOTECT VQ01SELF ■ H«V«* IT It 

* jw t:hi tm stu-^ ahj- fob oaimihg infoaaatiom ahd maxdoe- 

■WT IT IT l»T A P»t»MTlOUS C.^LE TO IHTEB HBAAIAOj;. TO HIRE" 
'HUB W tOBW HCHES 0US1HESSE1 OA LAND, " 

^S$tt THE C-tLE IM WlCH IT (S AOC£$0L£ F« «W TO AOUEUE" 
"JtJUA iBTEATtiT SUCCtSS IN VOU* FEnCMAV AFFAIR*. TN|1 IS THE" 

■TJAE IN '.tWA «*LV tvCLE. HHEH MM IHTEAESTS "ILL *>PAHD AHI>- 
OLA FAtAFEAITV UCBEASE. Vtt* HtMD lUEHISE UlLL 0ECCFE A " 

*T*f CrriCTI-.E IHSTAUTCHT SHARAC* HMD CLEAREA. AkJ uIU. BECOME ' 
--«f TPfM !H 1XA AELATIOHS HIT** OTHERS iQ€ Wl TM ft** COM-' 
"Mrfn-r "*€■ MSALAV SOCIB0ILITV BEtAv-CLEMLE ArC Svt0H(T»4v T 
■T»*If II THE BEST CtXE FO* DEALlHQ WITH THE L*«J. "ITH LB4A4AS ■ " 

rt€ njbfiflk. THE tOUBTS. OtFJEJACEW S»Ul4.i T0J( BJ FA^BIIHEHCE" 
'III THE PAQFESSIOH AMD FEOFUE OF WEALTH. IT IS ALSO A GOOD ■ 
't',Ul TQ HtCIM HEW UfJMTURES THAT A*JW TA*E SOK T]NI TO QAOW - 
-TO PLAN LAAOE BUStHESS HEDDT I AT IQHS OA To i***ATAnE L°HQ - 
-■rn4H0j".-S. JT IS FARTinJLARLV QOOD FOR COLLECTING RChIV bui" 
MAT Fr0 ^RECtUmOa tH STTJCF OR REAL ESTATE *UT BE SJ« TO 
■A"ri|D E^*A--' NEGOTIATION THAT II HOT CCAPVETELV LEGITIMATE. ' 
-ALSO AUDII' ANY DEALIMO* iH CATTLE 0* pBtBT PADDLETS tM U|TH- 
-FPVJIHE Af FAIRS, - 

■THIS IS THE HEiT TIME |H VOUR VEAR4.V CYCLE FOR REST. AELAA-- 
ATIOH #•<■ OTLbfrSJlT. THIS UXS FEiT HEAH THAT BUSINESS HILL* 
-NOT FAiiSFCA. OH THE OCAlT*FBTV. ALL GOOD Att> LfBTTIAATE 0US-" 
"MM WILL i-ctfMMLE WITH ALMOST AS HLJCH SUCCESS AS IN TME - 
■'MAfffS'TNO ruCLC. HDHE««A NEW If THf T|HE TO MAKE LOHD OB* 
-'Mt** T»I*T *GA THE PUAAOSE OF REhEWIMG FBIEhKHIAS OR FOR* 
*CH Tt'WfTrC ifW FRIENDS. MEM AMONG WOMEN AHD HCFCH AaCHL »»H 
-ArC Tfl MUChi ANE> InTAOUE FFlCHl'SHlFS AND RELATIONS TMAT - 
-ALFEAt'/ PBBrT, IT tf A FART LOE-AALv *a*!TLT4BTE Tim FC«' 
-RUSJHESS MATTERS THAT TOUCH UPON ART FUSIC LITE3«A*U**. " 
-KULFTgRE FCAFUTELS FLCB0XRS AMI' FEFStwAL AtCFffFBjMTs. IT IS' 

h ,-c ! ;t ha m f».* n u.Li 'Hphhni r> FAUOTtl ..*- 
-•MflHlfS AGAEEHEirT DR COOAflRAflON FACT A UOTTAH ■ JUST AS THE' 
-THlA|. --,TLE l< WTTER FOF UCA0.M TO CBtTAjM SUCH FAuCAS ff AOH* 
-MXT1. IT 1* THE BEST CVCLE TO PL/,' STOC* S OR RX'S FQF " 
-INHSTMENT Ftf. TO EMPLOV OTHERS." 

TH CYCLE 

*TMJS 1> THE MOST CRITICAL CYCLi C0 VCIUR YEARLY CYCLE. OURTHO" 
-THETB FIFTY-TUQ DAYS THE ELEHgHTS IN wOU* LIFE T>**T ARE HV 
'L-^fSE* HEEIfL- FOB .TJUF C4"EL0FT*iHT GAADURLLV FALL AMAV IN" 
•4Jp* r*J PB0E !-*■■ FOR THOSE HHtCH *AE NEW BJ0J BETTER. OF TEH~ 

TMr" WILL rAUSE DETRES5 AMD A SEMSE CF LOSS AMD WAV TITA-T VOU* 
-TO FAA. ISM ACTIONS STE- CAT IS IONS. PE1PJPJER IT IS A CvCLE 0R- 
"#r»t'«* :>TflLUTlOH UHICH F4.KAf.-S. MECEDCS A HVClE GR I'XLUTJOH- 
-*4* '*» rRAORTUHITV. TA* E **•*»«■ AGE OF THE NEF*U"ji IN THIS" 
-C\*LE fP AID TXPSELT CR InE OLD F#*. kF«4ANTEE' BUT 01 SjjAS TD* 
-rtRtl^E MOD 1L<«*NT. If THERE IS SO0ITNIMG T»*T MAS BECh' 

*W<:irpu t IRE «* IS ABOUT TO <HD- LET IT DO SO 0ur PC MOT * 
-rtl TPfPAiELv PV» TIES OR DESTRCv BELAT IOHSM I PS TWA* NAl«- 
*--1THiir.- fl>4> ABC STILL VALUABLE- FCA THE REHSCMS NEtfTlDMEt' ■* 
--.T10 nlNT IT LliELV TO AFC ONI DESFflHDEHT AMC< AS* «IU, BBT 

rw| r t .. ..*.«'4t. FEMEMBER ,* »1 SElKi 1 1« 1 1* t*.Sl- fcr / 1* 
-DtWLITV OF THE CYCLE j -*OLI ARC IN AtC DO NOT R0T4T4E1 THE * 

-PfiStWiH .-C4J FEEL TO hAAR WJL* JUDLFAWT OR IHHtHlT w-OUR- 

"DEC1S10H&.. THE DUALITIES OF THIS CVCLE E>«RT HftV SUBTLE" 
-IIFL'flffS P*(t IT IS HECESSARV THBT : l Ou BE MUCH P4AE ALERT » 

-THAH NORMAL IN ARARAISIHO YOUR FCELINOi AND W RRWCTlCBAj' 
TO E>TEB*#X INFLUENCES^ IN TH* FOURTH CYCLE IT »«2fW* 

-TO SE12E INMEDIATELV UROH VOL fj jO EAA OA HLT4CIAES AND (— 

-OUIO DECISIOHS. HOW THE I 

'WILL BRING DISASTER, 

-AMD FOSTAONC TO THE NEXT CYCLE 
♦O* EF THIS IS A GOOD CVCLC FOB oSALlAD WITH | 

-AJ€ THOSE L»C BY THEIR HAruAC OR POSITION FLBTT COHSU 

'AtTIOIl TOST CA*SFLE_LV. IT IS ALSfl FRJ EMCSQjJMT TIME F*0._ 

-U»«MlItC THIHGS OR WAL1HG IM 1H 

•BATENTS OA CCRSAICHTS- NOW VOU UjLL HAUE ! 
."Ill REAL ESTATE HINES- . ... 
.-in THE EARTH OA IN HIDDEN PLACES. OH THE OTHER r000T *ff IS' 

-ttFINITELV THE LEAST FBajORABLE TIME CP «LBl «A£ TTJ fTAAT * 

-BH-h'THINO MEV OB LALTCH A HEW fJUilHEt* t* TO ABfOI HEW CAAIW- * 

-ITlACS 1h Ah OLD Ohe," 1 




BIT Bucket 



26 



HEMENWAV ASSOO ATM, l»tCOFlPOtVAT*iD 

1O1 Tramonl fill*** 

fitaoot. H4t»44Au4«fij CQiOS 

017-4M tU) 

HA plckvd PASCFX ■■ Urn t\t*t Ml>L foi 14-bit ufi bAcauM of 
it* «14« 4Cc«ptan*« In Chi Bnqin*0rlnq World, th* «v*il4biltCy of 
fASCAJ. pr<H)t*0dMita 4Ad th* nuwrouB tcattyooka daacribirtf *n4 
teacbltHj RA£CbL. 0( Jt*y l00O[tanC* ta th« fact that RA (Wuld 
laplcatnt a v*r*ion that i* *a*y to uaa and avoid* many or th* 
probl*** that pi ■qua soar. inpltARntatlon*. 

Th* c0Apll*r if a ecu* coapilar that producaa natlv* cod*. 
It rum undBI 0ltb*l HA-SP/SE000 or HA-SP/ttQOO op*r*tlnq tyat*** 
altbooqh th* cod* It producvi can tun atandalon*. TTt* O0*t*tlOA 
of tb* co«pll*r l*t 

1. Mlt a aoute* PASCAL proqea*. 

2. CO*tpll* th* *Oucc« producing Macro Call*, 

*68' Micro Journal 



J. Aaaeable t;ha Macro Calla together with tha eupplled Kecro 
library to produce reloceteble object coda. 

4. link and relocate the relocatable object coda producing 
native machine code. 

Single t/.S. end-user price la $400.00. Licensing Information 
la available upon request. 

HA- PASCAL/ I 
Por KfiBOOo and Z8O0O 16-blt uPb 

ilA-PASCAL/t ia an industrial veraion of PASCAL aimed at the 
0£H induatrlal market. It eupporte all of tha functiane at PL/a- 
like cowpiiera. but the ayntex ia PASCAL* a more acceptable 
l-i guage to the OeH uUit. it finrfe ita widest uae in coding 
progress (or typical process-control and controller appllcationa. 
]ta features include: 

* Port 1/0 support 

< J2-bit arlcbratla 

* Acceae to memory on a byte or word baeia 

* Assembler routine! callable tor time-critical appllcationa 
■ Entire set of PASCAL control atructurea 

* Complete stt of useful eaternei function! 

* Allow! Interrupt or real-time operation! 

* Debugging using tha machine monitor 

* ROMeble object code 

* aura very fest 

* High-efficiency coda production 

* Support! seP*rate compilation 



exemption!) ia vail am pay tatea foi standard houca, overtime 
hour!, and salary. Tbe ays tea handles hourly, salary, and 
commissioned employee a as well aa weekly, bl-wtcKly, 

semi -monthly , and monthly pay peri ode, lvo niecellaneaus 
deduction! are allowed per eaployae which may be applied am 
either a rate p*t hour vorked, a percent of gross wagea, oc a 
flat dollar amount per pay period. 

Once all activity far each employee baa been entered into 
the eyatem, generating the payroll la eaentlally autonatic. 
Cross vagal, MCA taxable wa^ea, federal withholding tana, atat* 
vithnoldino takes, PICA taaea. SDI deduction!* and nat waqta ace 
calculated quickly and accurately. The Payroll Year-to-uate file 
La updated with currant and year-to-date information. A table 
feature allowa tha uaer to change tax ratea, maximum!, and 
Federal vithholdlng ranges as often aa the government doei. sol, 
FICA, fill, £01. and city or local tax ratea can ba changed easily 
through fable Proceaalng. 

The report! available lncludet Employee Croas Reference, 
Cmpjoyse. Heater Report, Yeer-to-Dste Audit Report, Check Stuba 
and the Payroll Reglater Report. Several aort sequences and 
eeltctive report criteria are provided. 

Ucera having need far a more extensive Payroll Syeten ahauld 
cone id a r our Commercial Payroll Proceeelng package, vhlch 
includea Fasevard Protection. Automatic vacation/aica time 
proceeelng , caah advance! , etc . Both Monthly and Quarterly 
information li maintained along with the foilowlnq additional 
report at Activity Input For mi , Quarter ly Tax Reglater . V-2 
forma, state 941 Report, Employee Addren Labeli, piua others. 

Thia ayateaa l* designed to run on • 48R *IDD/«8D« computer with 
a alMmum. of a dual 5" disk syatea. Bath fiSE DOS and 
Cooputarware Rendoa BASIC are required. Vereiona for other dink 
op* rating system* are pending cua toner danand. The payroll 
syatea is available Immediately for 1200. which Includea the 
itate tax computation for your state. 

A manual describing the operation 4 report! of either system la 
available for $15.00 from C0mpUT£*WAHE - 1S12 FJncinitaa SlVd, - 
Box 666 - mnclnltas, Calif. 42024 - OJ41 416-3512 or 436-0262. 



4 



Gnat Plaint Computer Company, Inc. 



PO Bn 9l«. Idaho F<1>. hkhoSMOl 



SOf (W*fl£ ENGINEERING & TECHNOU. WAITJNG SPECIALISTS 



:^*/ 



&{?. Mm tl*J 






-1 OCTOBER 10S0 - KEI PRODUCT RELEASE - SCSEDITOR II 

Alfard aed Aaaoclatea la pleased to sbsovnc* Its new SCRBD1T0R 

II screen editor/ fa matter, flaw available tor Immediate 
shipment. 

Lclike moat edltlnjp ut lilt lee aval labia for the 6800. tha 
SCREDITOR II la designed with the office typist la nlad. Sucb 
features am FULLY DYNAMIC MARGIN end TAB SETTINGS, SYMBOL 
DEFIIflTION/INSERTIOH to allminmta the re-typiaf of often-used 
words, aentescee and connand eequencee, QUEUE-BUFFKRXD KEYBOARD 
TYPE-AHEAD to allow twmt*J.Q.ed operator through-put, TOLL 
JUSTIFICATION (left, right, ceotsr, fill), eliminate the need 
far paat-edit proceaalng on nost office ioba. 

Tha SCREDITOR II supports sixty-one ccnaanda , from elnple 
cursor movement operators to para*Tr»Pb rt-formett ins and file 
mercinc . Since aa operator's reference card le supplied with 
the progTtn, and beaauae moat commands ere simple English 
abbreviations, the learning curve for the SCREDITOR II le imjch 
shorter thsn with other editors. 

Tbe SCREDITOR II la supplied with a SYSOEN program to geaarate 
cuetoo syatea handlers without the no ad for machine code 
patching, a WE-KuTOAED PACE MANUAL sod the OPERATOR REFTRtifC* 
CARD, all for only $7».W. Veraloae are available for TSC FLEX 
l.Q, 2.0. SffTPCo alnl-tt£X, and SS6 DOS66. Shipment la aaraally 
within three days of receipt of order. kASTERCIIARGE, VISA, 
COD'e, and personsl checks are all accepted. Phone or write: 

ALfOftfi AJffi ASSOCIATES 

P.O. BOX 6743 

RICHW3HD. VIRGINIA. 23230 

604.320-6722 



COHPUTERWAHE SOFTWARE SERVICES 
SMALL BUSINESS PAYROLL S*STt> 



The Payroll Processing 5y»t*a provides an easy and accurate 
method of calculating and reporting payroll Information for the 
asall buainaas. Any company with nore than two employees will 
find that this system psya tor Itself in a short period of timeii 

Thia Payroll Syatsa sllows the Input of standard information 
on ail employees, (name, address, social security number , 



QSIORlC >1>«K61 Iff lWftRE 



■<c*iau leteivasl* 
IccowaU »«y*vti 

)*mp(1 L*«t*' 

Ptv»*]l elkh Coil Acteuatiai 

T(w four OitMrm 1 ftnacial** twtlnett artlraM are 4tKrlt*d 1* IFw a*t if 
thru Olt>«'M A AlltrUlM t»»k« **«ll*ll* in *0%< COM»Vl«r tt«f««. Vh**» 
kaati fuicllaa ■» parllil 4actimilatiaa far tha lOfUar* -.4 KKluda tnmr 
Kiwtl *-4 taurta c*4* ttatl*S la Uan« laalc. 

Tha nrt-ir*, prlli>»I!r arlltva la »*]C ISr a IK.«0 Ha»t iiliiu*** ylar 
hat ktaa e*sv*r«4 U TK C>tt-4a4 Mile »y (SEAT Pl-ltE CDMintR So, INC. 
Tha p B | w chttit« aida ii Iha jitkttai *v treat Pl»la>i w*r* tA*»* r*euir*4 
by Iht 4ifrtrtPC*t la )»•*«•»* pr wn *Bh»-ea«**lt of tha o'lflaal 
Oibpn* varaiaaa. 

Thia »*Aaac*4 mrllMolMlvn ef lha Otborm and *t**ela1««/Ata*%wHlt U 
auiiaaia arafriai ia tha city *aa availael* wits »ora caPaSiUty tha* IM 
artfiaal laa| ataiconaular «*tit*a. It (viti 

a rtTfl FILES le aLixmila ilinn avarchea a»4 tarti. 

- Galium *-t MllEt •ittuMI rSClECTlim to li-il u-Hitho ri »d kcmi 

ta rflur tL.iLh*li aat|. 

a self rfttmrTlMt la a«rfSn data b*cit*i. 

• Wu MHULCS far addillaaaL ua*rula«(». a Cnh Aauraal Frojra*, ■ 
faralaai c«af tivratiaa prcrf**, a fna initialttatten ar«9ra*> a 
aaarlt data lata far aractlca ana «**« ptfrp*at>< ate. 



Each or tha p**k*Ut la ta]d la ro*pil*d tar* ror 
iirludaa <ltU», Dtbaraa ba*t> *ur aa* aviup 
<*aftd*ntial *ai»asra lallar. 



ainlla v»*r. 
4 *a*r aanvi 1 



Pnct 
a»* a 



!*ur<a la avvllahla ta wUvrind !»>)• r/OEI'a tor a aanlnal ha*9Lla» .1*4 

ahippi»i r«*. 

ftE0*!H lEEC.VslU 

lha 4UGWTS HCCIVaME pact aft la a «M* io*oita art la*. Ten ca* t«tif »a 
mild at a*y (l*at aafari it u r*%4v tar E>illi*i, aflar W* hi»i billaa 
11« aa4 ava* »ri#r it ha* taaa paid. artauntt Ratalvabla alaa haa a 
pravlitsa for yratraaa billing, vhtch **tp* trach ef «tl««tofit payAattta 
■ada tvfara Van ara ra*4> 1* till th« nvmi. 

0*a *f (ha AcKWitt Hatflvahta proira** prifila upai-U uhteh hit thv 
i»yoi<it re* h*«a aa\ ullafl r»l» *p*a itam <u*p*)4 i«iioit*«). clotr4 
tla*a <Pal4 l»«aicait, a*4 a* t)i»s analyti* of oc«rt it*n*. 

aaalhar Ptcirtm priatt tuatoMir itatafianla. nceauata KaciivaMi will iln 
peat dlrartlv ta ttaaral «f lha Btaaral l*.j»r accounia atiataiatd ay tha 
Mattai, LtMt* pratra*. ts* a/R profpati oatatale «v*t**fr activity 
latalt. Othar pri)'i*t alia* IN* Ular 1^» t*t*r ir »,*4iTv th* euate«»tr it\» 
a»«f ar Cflrract prtvLPVlly »al*r*4 lavelcr info^aatioa. all «»ybDH*d 
aatrita ara rarirully thatkal far validity. 



AEU9HTJ fiJilli 

The aCtUUSTS WYHLE pact*** it a* t iwaica-UiriiBd ayal*».i>hith a**ai 
asrarrlhrna ra»el**t aravnd \t<% isamita. It faaturai a fiixlbla <hm 
talcatatlan fHHdvi thai alltwa yaw ta calcalata chachi ia on* »f t*a 



'68* Micro Journal 



.27 



IX i ■ yoarfa ar Jill y»*r't loiili art alt* Idc]u4»4 oa U« |ico*r 
ilaliaial. la *i4lltia la la* llltMt ihial i*4 In*** vl*l***it. yon cm 
prill • trill lK«N iUlt*»il ahtt trial blllKI. t>Wr« |« ilu * «P*CI»J 
taparl UH li.lt thi cvtrait atiaail p.. **■:#■ for ailfctrd accrual*. 



Star-Kits 



nmu tin hit tcfttfiitt 

im r»rr*H r*iV**« »**ft*. ill ia* ««iur, tatM lift flip Mittnmt, 
fif till falrf tad varlfiraUaa, (« l W 1 Mi«i of pay awd dadwitipa 
Nt*ili>il(xi«litiM ■ * KU1 >T J46» *M »TI«\I*9 «r r**0rlt ind far„t. 



1<m lyyit • ' r«f1frylll *»■ 4lfll*>4l UMI paid * malary **d thai* paid h* 
tM h*a*. [aplay*** <■■ r*€ol*a ■ vaJiry, rrf»l«r hourly m, «tlti»i 
pip. Mlll*f #«l* t1H#*«rft MT *M •**tli** P*F< ■ • additld* 1* UWU 
■liadirl tfpat *f pan tpiflal Utitli HHilulAlt l«>f igti Ifir 
•■tM>)«, laawlll 111 Irani itiatwrtaitalil <»■ ha • •!•. 

l«fUr*« iimor data caa It iatar*d dailv it lau t>tt#**tly. *« it u 

titvrfd. frtff *lit» «f payroll tarilopi dill «•* »• III 1*1*4 Olth * Jot 
wiHr 1ai» •!»•• payrall ttiU U ** dl»trtfc«i*d a*av*t Ua a«rlotr» 
joit. tin »*Plav«* * *ar*i*fi d»l» it Ht^vlitH **4 addtd li (*«-«• w a l 
taiarii 41 Iht a«4 «r th» pap Mm»4. fi**i art Ceapvtad ■■ Uw 1*1*1 
kcmmIiU< fay.iwd ihu dldattM Oaa it. ray chat ii *ri itntH ***** ■* 



Thi r*t»Lt| af tha Nyihn» <*lcwlaUoit lr*> ictt<^ilil«4 to aeilhl,, 
^■rlirl, ial faatlV UUIlt tilled! icftr«nl»» fro* •ftCh P*ysh*<i it 

• In i*vi<i la pttvUt • hitlary *f i**ry chat* *■(■) 14 aati> tnpleyit. 
Thin c^aulktlv* lattll 1*4 Milirlcil •mH'Ii ar* Ihitrnt fcr prlnliir] 
Ilia p»?f»L1 jiuraal. aovunwanl lax form, itW ath*r npcrlt, 

• Hit Mo <»■ <N*if i •*! af tiiltri *ad d/p will piy *ll ttttlr ltwalc*t 
III taply all IMJr end it ***** auitaillcilly, or VO" caa 1 1*1 Iptt If If 
lava ic*« a*4 cn4il ■•■•! faf pit«i»i far ««ih( viMefi. 

tk*it li a lr*«ta* 14 armt ih* caLcalftktdj chtcHi* •■ cf*«> form. (mImc 
i/F pr«1fl B lrt*U I* o»lt «r cloud Llrn llilin. »!"* ■* *SI*I tuMinr 
far ill tPii Hiii. in i«l»t t*a b* ]C/*4/fa day, or «ay ithir »Mil yew 
thiota. 

fait ta* #ulrkaulo l»a *MMt af ml llvalci 1* it m*v at f 4|ffiraal 
l««*r*l Ifljfr acuvali. Ua rttin^ «m1oa*Ilci1It a«*i ooiii^i t* llw 
Caih aa4 khuiLi fiyaal* afcauala. tNr t/P aco^aiMt alio uiatu* v**4)ar 
Mllvilf lalali. 



Im 6C»£Mi ifMI KCfftt o«iti*«« li th* vaviowa *£c*u*t» rr«« tbr*a 
»«lor**l taifcni •*Vr«iU t actwla *>y*»l*>, m4 K(mMi l*c»i**6l*. T*» 
•ar alia latfr ntliMi 4jracllp. fan ill*** r*" lo «4p*t incwwi 
■*ilii|«, i*4 1* *ak« r*»i]*it I* nihiU wrHllr L.^-'f^tl^J fry »yfoll i 
htHili rit»*l#. tr actaviLl titiiritla. 

faa (*• forMi faur ih »*!•*«• |An| »*4 iato>*l alatlMtat. tftB H»»4 
rria*** la aim lillrt n4 Maliala. Hn li**i «t P*t** b*lwta* kimIi, 
a*4 t*»«falr «**l*t*J« t** liliU SU ■■!*■■ 1 I'* rapw la—lf» I* too 1»-*1» 
if Ta* ***4 1M«, TM (m arj.i 1M bala«t* »*#*l «*4 ikm ilaUfwat far 
IKa Cwrrial a*al», ivrrtal ««»rl*r t t t *ir #f If* praviaut WH 4»f*rl*(*. 



■V. Ob* 4Mlla«N. V- 
tt#* Micro Jom-i**)! 

»ie M*»lll %Mf 
Ml«VJ» TM 37.14) 

D4*r Ekaat 

*r*«r tfm r*vl«* of IM HWoaVC 6600 •Oftlfor lo four »d an* I9fl0 l»«u4, 
•ov»r«l ruin «k*tf itir If •»*'> ovihabio for fn* 4o«. ««M, now If lit 

Hmr-^9 •*• #4nrtlo**dl udoar •*> 4Atlr«fy ll|tlor*f<t pkilouehf fr« 
otft«r aoatfora. In vdwr lo r*tsl» awiv of fh« CO**** I •ac* fiitufM gwi 
h*y* •obm ro III! - *n| r«4l ulortwli «lf» - cm IK* MOO, ■• «*c 1 0*4 not 
fO tuaBor* »]fl irilw* altti HJamC-OP , Hmm If *1H *Pf rua *tl» aystana 
OV«r 64K. or .It* fh# 0*>* *Z 4l*k. In *lf Crth«r r**04Cfa, Kw*var, fUBlVOv 
<• COaptttbl* a I ill oxliflna »ott»*ra *fK) dlaJ> operating ayataaH. 

»BJa p ^-o» bia all of fho r0»fln«» •nd afwdard iaii tji ot other 
aonitora. till If ilio '••rural •wltlpto frr*«a»ointi t ftlfMll^if*** l«9, aawor p 
«laitft4«4>ly, ror«*rr«d «aaacry d**etw aamr y tamf, ajE/ r «»•, awy 
aoapai*, aawory t*4TCr) r bock* T till* 4/111 aor«. An Abort traction ol Iowa yov 
to atop a runnlnp program, ratara to acnltor, «<t4 ynnt a r«el«lar 4flaa>; to# 
Broc/aa caj* than t>4> •ontlrwa4. *odltlad. br*4k»of ntad , or ilifllvaf oppa4> 
ir>v« It i>ai full Trac« and dwfruggJng tacillfl**. 

it alto avpporta *wlt|pia 1/ ■ port* and pahn it • cincn ro «l**r output 
to a prtntar or utar-wrlltan royt^a*. 1k« iyai«*i can t*a »»Iim and 
feotarfod tro* Iho hayftoard. 

P4rh*o« Boat Uroortant. tnouQS. l% that MIMBUD-Cr* U •a»v fo ui«, Tharo 
*r* no turPf Hot - M *l«ap* doo>« *hot yOU ««^ct II to do* It II • dir*c1 
daacandanl ot ovr 6800 HlMMi •hlch haa paan In tha tlald for Qvpr • i»ar, 
l*H« braahpolMt. for Inofonca. Cvon If you fof941 «h*r« yw'va »l«cod th«a>, 
►**©14>V9 «rl 1 1 Tall *Og aKara lh*y ar«. And If won't !oro*f aoout tha* It 
you do ■ rpaaf* IhJi la Ju*» gw *».aap lo of tn* huAaa «aa,!n*orl»g that uanf 
Into It, In a Pinch, n tvan hoi • *h«tp* cb**mmi4 fo r«*>lnd you rhut It can 
do. 

imCHK ttaata tha iaTPC (UT In a «ihlau» a *p ao that It eoaa not 
lonora Aor>-4iUr cardi piuM*d into your iff too li>li la o toon fo us«ra afio 
h*»a convortod iroa 6*00 ar*ra*ta and fiavo cardi tocn a» vldoo boards or dlaa. 
•ontrollara aalch do not aorh *irn otn«r 6*09 •ooltori. Th|* OMkkas tha OAT 
Into ■ nolp rafhw than • mlndranca for fn* vndar-6411 usar . 

Tha Initial aartlfMi of UMlf fTTI 1% for iV- 5lfTPt hf»- 09 C**U ftoard. «n4 
lit iiiPPllad on two 2716 EPQON t«ifarn*ta vartloro m* ovaliaol*). Tttw prico 
of If) InciudM t*a tPWMa, a 0+taiia4 aonuat , and 11* full a*4 "i i * tad 
OOwTco Oodo altkar ai prlatwd lUalno or on PLC109 difth. Th«a It will novor 
ho obaotaio. **orao*ar. *• will «Ui fait trada*ln aradlt to o*ori of owr 
6#DQ nuaAC If tfnry doclo* to upgr«da to nUamCH*/ In tho fytw*. 

t3ne*r*ly yOura. 



TiJt.S-KJL 



^•t» ». '. . 



68' 



'68' Micro Journal 

(■08 849 

30ISH«nBBo«) 

^«ao«l. Tt*vH***« 37343 




MOTOROLA Semiconductor Products Inc. 

PO BOX Mill. VHOCNUt. MIZON* tOCX 

EXUKset iO — a new Motorola microcomputer 
development system supports the MC6809 micro- 
processor and will be supplemented with 
software that adapts it for use with other 
members of the M6800 microprocessor family. 
The completely self-contained desk-top 
system incorporates two built-in mini-floppy 
disk drives, a CRT display and an ASCII 
keyboard with special "user function" keys. 
It is supplied with a complete set of 
technical manuals and is modestly priced at 
$5995. 



on It *• lararf anapaa? ar «* nhrrw Jawrwal. •*!«• l« w**rlH If* *atra *aar at 
atiortiM. 44 diw/w A aar aal r*jir*i «Mi«*i*ai* m aajar mi H *t n»> mo «*•« * 
ii i— * H a> MiM, twaOaW K ajj 44 > I Ha* «f (Ff, la ia*a— iTIpi alri M wicra iwi 
■ aawpi Laa ■ aft^x i«* Mi* •* aaviiaaaaja* ana aaatlwrfia** ***rmr* *■• ta* aant 
wim at ii pin i aatlatiog ra* iwaatar I*ta nWiftOt*. Aiawt ■•>■»-*■ rmmm 
t*a HO wv la, •** «*-*• ■ «aw) *w •aociiliiaJ 
«ri*ai If wnjllaklp, t«* aaa ara oaaaarv at t*a fafjaaj » apaar 
• Itahhr at f*r i ■ i ■ 

aifa ta. tan- a* art Iw* t* a ni l mm aalfl-^aar. oali I laa* i *J «la* a r il Iwj irataaa. 
r tto Mtm mm f#tO»,-i*a aaaaiariry of naaaa CfUa mm I ■ ■ ■ ■■ ■ ,«M* rpt* HaoaH 

■ail rt.il ■» a« «*>aa **■ aawailwj »t»t«»» («*Mt l-ilaxra *»■ a* p ad aaaaj i 
«j-«4I-j iw-y ftlala 
rtwrtty allaainf i- 





28 



'68' Micro Journal 



1» December 1980 

68' Mlcrojournel 
P.O. Box 8l|9 
Hlxson, TN J7JN5 

Dear sirs, 

I would like to know If a fellow reader has a copy 
of Technical Systems Consultants SL68-18 Subroutine 
Packace for 6800 they could send me. I would pay the 
handling, copying and postage costs as well as paying 
TSC for their packace which they have discontinued. 

Has anyone successfully Interfaced a Percom Speak-2-Me-2 

between the SS-50 buss and Texas Instruments Speak and 

Spell. Can you use the numerical values for the vocabulary 

provided In the Percom manual with POKE commands In 

MIN I FLEX BASIC directly? For this Interfacing, Is 

CI the SUSY I Ine and C2 the STROBE I ine on the 

MP-LA card? Is the strobe provided by C2 at least 

20 micro seconds long? Only four bits are used but 

for four times for a 16 bit word so that four strobes 

are required by the speech generator. Mill the MP-LA 

do this? 

What Is required on a computer to generate a graphics 
display which will show modes of vibration of a membrane 
and which will permit hardcopy of different states In 
the vibration? Can you do this on a hobbyist computer? 

I am enjoying putting together a JPC A0-I6 card, 
The documentation Is excellent. 1 am going to have 
to figure out where to change the software provided 
so I can have the Analog to Digital card on port », 

Maybe you could have a census of unique applications 
68* computer users have devised which others might 
put their computers to. 



version of FLEX that takes advantage of the teetun 
controller. 



of thet 



Thank you. 



Jeffrey M, Cralf J 

Apt. 912 - J001 S. King Or. — 



Chicago, IL 60616 



All GIMIX versions of FLEX era software oonpatlble with standard 
versions of FLEX. Software written for any version of FLEX will 
run under GIHIX FLEX. However, due to differences In controller 
design, formatting, etc., disks written In the double density, 
single or double sided nodes on SHIP OC-4 ( double density 5 1/4" ) 
controllers are not Interchangeable with tliose written on GIHIX 
controllers. Interchange between these controllers Is only possible 
on single density disks. 

FLEX and UnlFLEX are trademarks of TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS. INC. 
OS-9 Is e trademark of MlCHOWAHE SYSTEMS CORP. 



t»tf UILLIAKS. EOITDR t PUBLISHER 
» MICRO JOURNAL 
WIS HAHtLL RD. 
HllSON lira. 31343 



KM KS N1LL1AN5 

I JUS! DTOOtT I'D VIRI1C TO lf.Lt V00 WAT A HMO W61JIMI TCXJ Aid 

PU8L1 SHINS AND TO LET TOUR REA0E9S KNOW Of A EOnPANI I HAVE HAVE OUlSTAKCIdC 

EIPERIANCE UITH. FIRST LET HE SAI THAT UNCN EVER POSSIBLE I U IE 

tO (UlLO KV EQUIPMENT HI SELF. SO UHCH A PJWTS HOUSE GIVES HE A 6000 DEAL 

I LIKE TO TELL EvERT OK ABOUT IT. 

THE CUWAHT IM QUESTION IS DAI COW OF CAI IFMKIA. ONE NIQtT UlllLE HUSIK OVER 
HY STSTEH I OECIKO 10 ADO HCRt MEN0RI (16k HORTX). THE FOLLOWING AFTEfmtJOH 
I CA1UO HAL COW 10 ORDER SOME 2114 NtKOOr CHIPS Al A FAIR PRICE. I 
EXPECTED 10 WAIT ABOUT 1 TO J HEEtt FOR r» 0ROIR TO ARRIVE BUT JUST 3 DAYS 
LATER I KECIEVED m ORDER,. 

NOW TO WIST PEOPLE THIS HAT SEEN LIKE A AVERAGE MCUKT OF II*. BUT BECAUSE 
I LIVE IN llORTMfftN MAINE (HEREIN REFCREO 10 AS Tilt STICKS) THIS IS 
EITREHELV FAST SERVICE. 

ALSO T W0UL0 LUC TO HERE FROK Mil OF V0UR RIA0ERS W<0 HAVE THE PERCON 

LFD-400 DISK SrSTCN AM) MIHIDOS .» ADD HEW THEV HAVE LINKED THERE S0FTVARE TO IT. 



S1HCFREL1 TOURS 



SW^N*- 



396 HICKAX EM. 
L0AINC AFS HE. 

04736 



GIMIX INC. 



1337 W. J7TH. 
(312) 927-5510 



PLACE, CHICAGO IL. 
TWX 910-221-4055 



60609 



HELP 



GIMIX 6809 GENERAL NOTES t\ 

GIHIX 6809 systems end CPU boards will support e variety of 
operating systems Including FLEX9 end UnlFLEX, from TECHNICAL 
SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS end OS-9, from HTCR0MARE SYSTEMS CORP. 

Both UnlFLEX and OS-9 require the GIMIX 6809 PLUS CFU boards. 
The STAMOARO (#01) board does not have provisions tor the 6B40 
prograrmebte timer required by UnlFLEX or the TIME OF DAY clock 
required by 0S-9. While UnlFLEX does not use the TIME Of DAY clock 
option, »e raconvwnd thet It be ordered with ell systems to 
provide tor future compet Ibl I Ity. 

Bath UnlFLEX and OS-9 also require trie use of 2 port serial cards 
( #43 ). The 2 port serial card Is recommended In systems using 
the GMXBUG-09 system sonltor, as It allows you to take advantage 
of the serlel print drivers Included In the Monitor. The 2 port 
serial card Is available separately or as an option In system 
packages. When ordered es an option with systems, the card adds 
140.02 to the base price of the system. 

Current versions of UnlFLEX for GIMIX systems require the SMTP 
DMF-2 disk controller, trie SHIP eumpatlble OAT option on the CPU 
boord, end the UnlBUG monitor. When the GIHIX DMA disk controller 
Is available, et the end of the first quarter of 1981, a version of 
UnlFLEX will be available for It. The GIMIX DMA version of UnlFLEX 
■III require the GIMIX enhanced OAT option. UnlFLEX is only 
available as a terminal based system. 

OS-9 will be available In versions for both video end terminal 
based GIHIX systems. Versions of OS-9 will be available for use 
Kith eny of the GIMIX d Isk control lers. OS-9 leval I does not 
require either OAT option, OS-9 level 2 tor GIMIX systems will 
require the GIMIX enhanced OAT option. You oust be sura to 
specify the type of system and controller when ordering OS-9 to 
Insure that you receive the correct version. 

Video based systems, and systems thet use the GIMIX DOUBLE 
DENSITY or GIMIX 0MA disk controllers require GIHIX versions of 
6809 FLEX. The GIMIX 5/B disk controller can be used with any 
version of FLEX that supports the Swrp CC-1,2, or 3 controllers. 
However, to use the 5/8 controller In a video based system, with 
8" drives, or In 2MHi. systems, the GIHIX FlEX for this 
controller Is required. Each GIMIX controller hes Its own unique 



MOULD SOKE KIND READER, IF HE CAM, PLEASE HELP HE SET 

NY SHPTC 6B09 UP ADO RUMIW.l'rl HAVIN6 TROUBLE 

WNNECTIN6 NY CT-64 TERMINAL TO THE SERIAL INTERFACE 

Of THE 6809 SYSTEH.DOES ANYONE KNON A HOOK UP I CAN 

USE? NOULD BE VERY 6REATFUL FOR THE INFORMATION. 

JOHN FIORINO 

S18-8STH STREET 

BROOKLYN, NY 11209 



CLASSIFIED ADS 



SYSTEMS OR COMPONETS FOR SALE: SNPTC 6802 SYSTEM) 
PERCON LFD400 H/20RIVES] 40KRAN) HM,N,T; A/D 
CONVERTER, PERCOM SUPERBASIC, INDEX, NINIIOS+NORE. 
SYSTEM N/SOFTNARE -12499 NESOTIABLE, WITE/CALL FOR 
OETAILS. 

DOUG rMMOIS 

1000 N HERON DR 

SEAMD0K, TEH AS 77586 

AC713-474-9247IH) 4832646 IN) 



"68' Micro Journal 



.29 



DISK DRIVES - SAVE - $AVE 

it Limited Quantity -ft- 

A Special Purchase for 68' Micro 
Journal Readers Only! 

SAVE HUNDREDS OF $ 



Remex RFD4000 

8 " Floppy Disc Drives 
Double sided . . . 
Double density! ! 



$549.95 



ea. 




SIEMENS 

5Va " Floppy Disc Drives 
Double Sided . . . 
Double Head! ! 
(Similar to Photo) 



2 for $1049.00 
Add: $7.50 each - Shipping and Handling 
Offers quality and features found in drives 
costing much more! ■ Single or Double Den- 
sity ■ Double-sided Drive ■ Door Lock IN- 
CLUDED ■ Write-Protect INCLUDED ■ 90 
Day Warranty ■ Compatible with Shugart 850 
■ Low Power Operation ensures LONGER 
LIFE!! 



$279.95 



ea. 




Add $6.50 each for Shipping and Handling 
90 Day Warranty 

*With each Siemens 5Vi" Drive purchased, 
we will include (for a limited time) a Bare 
SWTPC (Double Sided) DC-3 Controller 
Board with Schematics and Parts list at no 
extra charge!! 



FACTORY FRESH — LATEST PRODUCTION — BRAND 

NEW 

Single Disk System Copy Routine in Assembled Source Included for a Complete 

'Single Drive' Disk System 

Dealer Inquiries Invited 

Cannot guarantee supply will last if paid for by personal check as personal checks 
require 3-4 weeks to clear - Recommend Money Order or Certified Bank Check. 

South East Media 

P.O. Box 794 Hixson, TN 37343 
1-615-870-1993 

VERBATIM DISKS 

Min. Order 10(1 Box) 



5" Soft Sector 

5' 10-16 Sector 

5" Soft Sector Double Sided 

Double Density 
5* Plastic Library Box 



30 



$2 92 ea. 8" Soft Sector Single Sided 

S2.92 ea. Double Density $3.75 ea. 

8" Soft Sector Double Sided 
$4.92 ea. Double Density $4.75 ea. 

$2.00 ea. 8" Plastic Library Box $5.00 ea. 

Add $1.50 Shipping and Handling 
Also: Qume Black Multistrike Ribbons $3.87 ea. - Qume Black Nylon Ribbons $2.97 ea. 

DEALER AND VOLUME DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE 
'68' Micro Journal 



DYNASOFT PASCAL 1.2 

DYNASOFT PASCAL is a portable p-code 
implementation of a Pascal subset designed for 
cassette-based 6800/6809/6502 systems with at 
least 12K of available RAM. 

DYNASOFT PASCAL includes the control 
stiuctures of standard Pascal and the data types 
INTEGER, CHAR. BOOLEAN, SCALAR. 
SUBRANGE, POINTER and ARRAY. Version 
1.2 now supports heap management using the 
standard procedures NEW, MARK, and RE- 
LEASE, and has a re-designed table-driven I/O 
system which permits adaptation to a wide range 
of peiipherals, including disk. Its one-pass com- 
piler produces compact ROMable p-code, and 
the 1.5K run-time inteipreter can be supplied 
separately in ROM for dedicated controller 
applications. 

The complete system is available for commer- 
cial users with inteipreter source code and license 
for $85. Personal/hobby users may obtain the 
cassetteand users manual only for $45, including 
air mail postage. Quantity pricing available on 
request. Check, money order, and VISA accept- 
ed 



^systems ltd. 



P. O. BOX 51, WINDSOR JCT. 
NOVA SCOTIA. CANADA 
BIN 2V0 (902) 861 2202 



SOFTWARE FOR PERCOM LFD-4QO 



DIXIE 



a complete DOS pockage 



$60 



F E A TUR ESt ynimlc allocation ol dlitt apace. IS directory level a. 45 
film prr dlak. 12 cJiavraclcr name*. OuicV *> *aay cenVrraJnn from MPX. 
RKSIDINT COMMA NT>S r Cw**t*. r<- l#« a*. rtiUH, protect /ynpro- 
lufT, i*v#, ln#d, iitd i-iciulr VMX («t tp*t 1(1*'! >-liri-' i'TV bVtlh Cr**t-. 
r«l>*a«, md rename* DIRECTORY UVCL Ftlnl dlafc laba-l «V numb** *| 
ffe* m-lorr. Print directory rep*rl (at «p*til"itd level). Jump to adtirr**. 
UTILITIES! Convv* MPX dlik to DIXIE dtak. foil dUk. Ch4n|« dl.V 
label. -SinfttWdu-fel drlvr dUk copy* rile copy. Directory rep»rl lo prin'cr. 
PA TC HES: Prrcom SUPER DASKT. TOtrCMUP *4U»r, *ymb©Hc aaenm. 
bl*P, and HEXLDR. TSC <aaielt m ed.lor and lUrmbl.r. SWTP SK basic, 
P EQUIHES l MIKBUC type monitor. M1NIOOS 1-4. BOO worda RAM, 
V O V C E T : 270B EPKQM. 1 di.W* with lOurc* fur all aoftwar*. Manual. 



XREF 



o cross reference patch 



$15 



Addi a ayinb*! croM r«-iYr«ncr aaaembly option to 1h« Pttcom i urtnblcr 
(b*ac a OIXTC.fnodl/iod vrnloni I. Sou rev code supplied on dlik. Manual, 



Sep Ti.vl* m •( DIXIE and XR EF In Nov. '80 laaue of U fi* MICRO and not* 
that Ihr Prrcom SUPER BASIC patch and th* MPX. to. DIXIE dlaV convar- 
■ Ioti utility ar« bath now Completed and auppllad with ih* DIXIE pacVafl*. 



Mlchl(;*Ti raildcGti add ♦% 
Spac if Ji »r 40 Irk drive* 



Check or money order 
Add $2/ordrr ihippJrv| 



BLUE HAT SOFTWARE 

BOX 4127 FLINT, Ml 313-738-2863 evenings 
48S04 

LrD-400. MI>X. TOUCHUP. .i>d M1N1DOS ■ » Indrm. rV> or Prr on. 
D»t. Co, lac. MIKBt/C 1. a Iridrntlrk of Motorola. j qc . 



J 



POWERFUL INTEGRATED 
6800. 6809 SOFTWARE 



All voftwire it tupplied in relocatable format and may 
be loaded anywhere in memory 

6100 RELOCATING ASSEMBLER AN0 LINKING 
LOADER. The assembler supports relocatable and ab- 
solute code, labeled common blocks, 47 error messages, 
alphabetized or non-alphabetized cross reference table, 
8 char global and local labels. TSC source comparability. 
and much more. The linking loader will link up any num- 
ber ol object modules and place trie resultant object 
anywhere in memory thai you wish 
M6I ASMB 1 A-1 0, MEI-L0A0 1 A 10 SI 00.00 

6800 ONE PASS LINK E0IT0R. Functions in a similar 
manner to the linking loader except that the final object 
is stored back on disc as one object module. This module 
may then be loaded anywhere in memory by the linking 
loader IM68 LOAD-1A-10I. This allows the creation of 
library ol relocatable 'quick-load* modules. 
M60LNKA-1A-10 S4S.00 

6100 TWO PASS LINK E0IT0R. Similar to the one pass 

link editor. Some optimization is performed. 
M60LNKB-1A-10 145.00 

6600 GL06AI CROSS REFERENCE GENERATOR. 

Provides the capability to tell ai a glance all object mod- 
ules thai reference a particular internal label. 
M60XREF-1A10 _ $36.00 

6600 OBJECT OISPLAYER. Lists the header ol an nb. 
ltd module Parameters displayed are program name, 
internal labels, external labels, lime, date, and identifi- 
cation. 
M60OISP-1A-10 S25.00 

SPECIAL OFFER. All 6 M6BO0 programs above are 
available for J 200. 00 

A 6600 users manual describing all 6 programs above is 
available lor SlS.OO. This is refundable with your pur- 
chase of the assembler and linking loader. All 6800 
software is supplied on 5-inch FLEX* discs and runs 
with FLEX' 2.0. 

6109" RELOCATING aSEM _ 81EVa"n~0~ LINKING 
L0A0ER. Supports features similar to those ol the 6800 
software above. Will also assemble 6800 and 6801 in- 
structions. 
M69 ASMB 1 A 10, M69L0AD-1A-10 $100.00 

The following 4 programs lunction in a similar manner 
to their 6600 counterparts. 

6609 ONE PASS LINK EDITOR. 

M6MNKA-1A-10 $45 00 

6009 TWO PASS LINK EDITOR 

M69 LNKB-1A-10 $45.00 

6609 GLOBAL CROSS REFERENCE GENERATOR. 

M69-X RE F 1 A 10 $35.00 

6009 OBJECT OISPLAYER. 

M69-DISP-1A-10 $26.00 

SPECIAL OFFER. All 6 M6809 programs above are 
available lor $200.00 

A 6809 uMnmattuOOMCcuTMng all •piovrami above cl •v*ii*bl< 

IOI SIS 00 litlumtaW. With purdlM* Si »*»mb»»f ind loaontr 

AH 8809 toltwwe it aupplied on S-incb FLEX' duct aM runt 
with FLEX' 9 0. 

A CATALOG ol dl ol our Solrwara Product! n avellaolt FREE 
tor thaafkina, 

•FLEX isairaoemamofTECHNICALSVSTEMSCONSULT ANTS 

C incite* Software 

BOX 19385 

CINCINNATI. OHIO 45219. 

(613) 7514203 



'68' Micro Journal 



.31 



IN YOUR COLOR COMPUTER! 



Now you can explore the Radio Shack Color Computer's impressive potentials— as an 
Inexpensive development system, a color peripheral, a process controller— ad infinitum. 
The Micro Works introduces these powerful software tools for utilizing the color 
computer at the assembly language level. 



/ 

MONITOR TAPE: A cassette tape which allows you to: 

• Examine or change memory using a formatted hex display 

• Save areas of memory to cassette in binary (a "CSAVEM") 

• Download/upload data or programs to a host system 

• Move the video display page throughout RAM 

• Send or receive RS-232 at up to 9600 baud 

• Investigate and activate features of your computer, such as hi-res graphics or 
machine-language music 

• Use your computer as an intelligent peripheral of another computer, for a color 
display or a 6809 program development tool 

The monitor has 17 commands in all, and is relocatable and re-entrant. 
L 60C Monitor Tape Price: $29.95 



MONITOR ROM: The same program as above, supplied in ROM. This allows BASIC to 
use the entire RAM space. And you don't need to re-load the monitor each time you use 
it. 
V 60C Monitor ROM Price: $39.95 



INSIDE THE COLOR COMPUTER: This package is a disassembler which runs on the 
color computer and enables you to generate your own source listing of the BASIC 
interpreter ROM. Also included is a documentation package which gives useful ROM 
entry points, complete memory map, I/O hardware details and more. Disassembler 
features include cross-referencing of variables and labels; output code which can be re- 
assembled; output to an 80-column printer, small printer or screen; and a data table area 
specification which defaults to the table boundaries in the interpreter ROM. A 16K 
system is required for the use of this cassette. 
60C Disassembler Price: $49.95 



THE f\f\ fl /^^ | d^ fr^ MasterCharge/Visa Accepted 

California residents add 6% tax. 



mo 




P.O. BOX 1110. DEL MAR, CA 92014 [714] 942-2400 







Give your computer . 
..the time of day! 



WITH THE CK - 7 CLOCK 
FOR SWTPC COMPUTERS. 



• A TRUE CLOCK, not a timer, keeps time 
continuously without servicing by the com- 
puter. Provides hours, minutes, seconds. 




• COMPLETE KIT $59.95 

* power supply allows clock to run 
with computer power turned off. 



stiH 



phone 

505 294-4623 



T«r*>. tub. MC or Via* 



jpc phooucts co 

KM •?l>3 



add $3 shipping 



MPI 5" DISK DRIVES 

30 day guarantee 

B51 Single head, double density. 40 tracks $255.00 
B52 Double head, double density, 40' x 2 tracks 

'35 tracks with older diskettes 345.00 

B91 Single head, double density, 80 tracks 395.00 
B92 Double head, double density, 80" x 2 tracks 

"requires newer diskettes 495.00 

MPI Service Manual $10.00 

Alignment Service (5" drives) 40.00 

Repair Service (Cost based on parts and labor) 

W» accept MC. VISA. COD Shipping and handling K 00 (Mr drive 

COMING: Software by MSD 
General Ledger 
Receivables 
Payables 
Inventory 

IN STOCK: SWTPC 30 pin IBM Model 50 interface 
^« *— *». (6809 software) 59.95 

f * m \ 6809 Dynamite Disassembler 60.00 

V w I AAA Chicago Computer Center 

^ ^^ \ 120 Chestnut Lane 

^***" Wheeling, IL 60090 



SEE GIMIX AD PAGES 3, 48 



(312) 459-0450 



Oaalar tor GIMIX. SSB. SWTPC. TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CORP. 



ANNOUNCING. 




SUPER | SLEUTH 

A PROGRAM ANALYSIS & 
DE-BUGGING TOOL 

By 

Edgar M. (Bud) Pass, Ph.D 

$99.00 



SUPER SLEUTH 

SUPER SLEUTH is a set of programs which enable 
the user to examine and/or modify binary program 
files on disk, or in memory. Programs may be 
disassembled into source code format and the 
source saved on disk. Labels produced by SLEUTH 
can be changed globally to labels of your own 
preference. Cross reference lisings of labels can be 
produced to aid in debugging the program. Pro- 
grams in ROM can be "altered" with the altered pro- 
gram being saved on a disk file. The resultant file 
can then be used to reprogram a new ROM. 

Object code for 6800, 01, 02, 03, 05, 08, 09 or 
6S02 can be processed. 

6800, 02, 08, 09, object code easily converted to 
6809 Position-Independent code 

45 page detailed operating manual included 

Programs supplied in source form - Assembly 
required 

Available on 5" or 8" FLEX (tm) Disk for 6800 or 
6809 

Visa or Mastercard accepted 

Flex Is a trademark ol Technical Systems Consultants 




P.O. BOX 916 / IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO 83401 / PHONE: (208) 5293210 



'68' Micro Journal 



33 



EPROM PROGRAMMER KITS 



Shown assembled. 
Parts & box not included 




Requires approx. S6 ol easily 
obtainable components. 



For single supply 2516 £ 27 16 EPROMS. Perlorms follow- 
ing functions: Verily Erased. Program. Verify Contents. 
Transfer Contents to RAM. 

Select Documentation For: Use with: 

6800 6820 PIA 

6809 6820 PIA 

8080/8085/Z80 8255 PP1 

PC Board £. Documentation SI 5.00 

Additional Documentation $ 5.00 

Documentation Only , S 10,00 

PC Board Only S 10.00 

l\l Ctos* PoM»,lf P«*d in Ti AiTict<< O An/nns I e^ id fnH *dd 5**. Sel*r* Ta» 

Micro Technical Products 

814 W. Keating Ave.. Dept. J • Mesa, AZ 85202 



JPC PRODUCTS FOR 

6800 



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16 CHANNEL A/0 BOARD 

• 8 BIT DATA 

• SOFTWARE CONTROLLED GAIN 

• 3300 SAMPLES PER SECOND 

• t 0.1% ACCURACY 

COMPLETE KIT: AD-16 $69.95 



Terms: Cash, MC or Visa; Shipping ft Handling $3.00 



'JPC products 



Order Phone 1505) 294-4623 
P.O. Box 5615 
Albuquerque, N.M. 87185 



34 



the SCREDITOR II a.d TREK6864 *.. „..<„ 

We've spent the 1 m* I year working on it. We've taken your idea* Ai Jul a REAL-TIUE, LIVE-ACTION TREK- typo simulation for the 

and added aoroo ol our own. and corm up tUh the <roat powerful, 6800 la herel TREKBBU4 la i ho raoal exciting arcada-tvpc C«jih.- 

?iiy>iQ-u*(, EDlTOR/KOftMATTZR available today for the 6800 « Look over available for 680* uaeral 
at a ftw ol the feature* of the SCHECJTCR 11 end see why we say 

It'e the BEST editor available for ME HO HY- MAPPED DlSPI-AYSf * AS YOU WATCH, the DARSTANC invader* Implement confueinc battle 

plana . the 1 r f loot moving toward you , f irl m; aw 

* 7V1X SCHEEK FORMATTING - Tabs and martflna are fully dynamic - Ihey coot, tbelr photon torpedoes homing on you 1 

fat or rove then anywhere, any tine! 

Word wrap, paragraph splitting, line * AS YOU WATCH, your energy decrement m. hecominc dangt-rou* ty )ow 

weldinp all honor the current narginl »"<» you cavnnot warp because of dajaafte. Hut wpLH 

* DYNAMIC SCREEN DISPUlY - What you do 1* laawdtately visible on * AS YOU WATCH, a iwSaagc* rlfts-toa; - WAHP DRIVES REPAIRED! Jfow to 

the screen - inserts, deletes, line- *l« B ■ b **« " y«* «■" - « base ib rounds You 

changes, coplea, file merges, etc.... rotate the CSHTlfRlAX to prepare to warp and a 

all happen as you watch! torpedo hltst CLOAKING ■EVfCE DAMAGED! You warpT 

■ KlLTI.lWDC EDITING - In LIKE mode, no wrap or paragraph * AS YOU WATCH , the quadrant you entered la Infeeled with more 

filling takes plsce. Ideal for Uanic, DARfiTANG. . . and they have spotted ycu' Even ss 

Pascal, Forth or assembly language you move toward your bane, you are hit again and 

coding* In TEXT mode , automatic word aKain* [UrUT.SE ENClKES OAUAGEDI CLOAKING DEVICE 

wrap, paragraph filling, etc..,, make ntl'AIHEDt You cloak quickly to await rcpalre, ax 

document preparation a breez*! the OAttSTANG begin to swoop the quadrant In con- 
fuel on f VI 1 1 your energy run out before the re- 

■ HEPI.ACEUSNT S THINGS - Define cojamon words, phrases, even pairs ore complete? Will the DARSTANG destroy 

coowdLCd sequences as a rlngl* charac- your bajie before you can dock? Only tine « | M 

ter - one keystroke ontry replaces a tell ss you play TREX6864 T 
lot of typing t Even oave and load t he 

replacements to and from disk! This REAl^TJWE game la the most engrossing simulation you have 

ever meon for the 6800! 1/ you have a 64x16 JJF10HY-UAPPEO board. 

* KEYDQARD OtlKUK BlipfER - Por system* which can support Intt.r- and an AC1A or PlA keyboard port, you too can play TREX68C4! 

rupt operation, full typo-ahead le a And, like our SCREDITOR II, we provide a SYSOEK program to make 

standard feature* fsodt f icat loos easier! (80 character version* available soon.) 

And, finally, the price Is right I 

* SYSOEK CUSTOMIZATION - No esorv houre or machine code patches 

with tho SCREDITOR It - we provide a TREK8B64 PROGRAM DISK. MANUAL . . , . $24.95 

coeipieie SYsGEK program which will do PROGRAM ASSEMBLY LISTING ...... *3J». 9» 

the work for you - simply answer the PROGRAM SOURCE CODE ON DISK . . m » , J9Q.9* 
quest Ions , and your patches are done ! 

Tbe SCREDITOR II now aupporta 30 cooraAnds. 24 screen operators, 
and is coeiplstoly upward- coop at ablo with all text and source 

file handling pr°sr*Buii a full co-r*»ident prooswsor to b* an- FLEX is a TradeMark ot Technica I Systems Consu Hants 

□ ounced soon! Available now for TSC FLEX 1.0 and 2.0, SSB DOS66 
and Si IT Co minl-n+EX. and all popular XEMOHY-UAPPED DISPLAYS! 

PROGRAM DISK. 100 PACE UANUAL , , , $T» + flA 

source* listing t tifl.wS *m •••»•>.» muu Aiivv.mivi 

SOURCE COOS Off DESK $229. « 

P. 0. Box 8748 

(Tbi. md ... ewpoHd using only tr.nefer lotc.rine and th. 00. 

_ Richmond, Va., 88880 

VA, reBldenta add 4% stste ssles lax. UC. VISA, COO'a, personal * 

checks accepted. Checks requl re longer t o process* Por orders s**n A a* A A a* SWA A 

under SI00. add $5 for «hlpplnK and bsndlinfi. Oil"*"" OslU *97I8 

'68' Micro Journal 



SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING 

Presents 

3 Powerful New SS-50/SS-50C Boards 



DCB-4 

Disk Master 

Double Density Controller Board 

and DOS68D Double Density DOS 

$449.00 



The new DCB-4 is a truly stale-of-the-art develop- 
ment which allows up to 366K bytes to be stored 
on a single 5V disk and has these outstanding 
features: 

* Up to four 5% "and four 8" drives can be 
handled in the same system with a user de- 
finable logical unit table. (D0S680 will be 
compatible with future hard disk systems). 

* Under software control, the user can select 
the following for any drive: 

■6 Single sided or double sided operation. 

*r Single density or double density data. 

6 514" or8". 

A Stepping Rate. 

A 40 track or 35 track density on double 
sided 514" drives. 

<r User can select the system boot configu- 
ration. 

* Occupies only 16 bytes of memory space 
(F750-F76F standard). User selectable to any 
1 5 by te address space. 

* Can read and write a single sector by itself. 
Onboard buffer memory allows full inter- 
rupt capability in interrupt driven systems. 
Once data transfer has been initiated, no 
more processor time is required. 

* Contains extended decoding circuitry for ex- 
tended addressing per SS-50C bus which 
can be enabled by an option jumper. 

* SSB provides a means for copying software 
written by older versions of DOS68 to be 
read by DOS68D. All new media formatted 
by DOS68D can be read by all older versions 
of DOS68. DOS68 is SSB's 6800 disk opera- 
ting system. 

* Track of side is recorded in single den- 
sity per IBM standard. 

* Phase-locked-loop assures highest data inte- 
grity attainable. 

All of these features are available for immediate 
delivery on one standard 5Vi" x 9" 50 pin SS— 50/ 
SS-50C card for only $449.00. The price includes 
DOS68D version 5.1, MONITOR object code on 
diskette, and a manual with the source listing. 

smoke siem 



SCB-69 
Super Computer Board 

6809CPU Board 
$299.00 



The most versatile 6809 CPU Board on 
the market is now available from 
Smoke Signal Broadcasting and has the 
following features: 

■ Standard 2 MHz operation. 

(Shipping 1.5 MHz until 68B09 available) 

• 20 bit address generation for up 
to 1 Mbyte of memory. Uses an 
improved address translation RAM 
which is compatible with present 
extended addressing schemes yet 
requires much less overhead when 
used in multi-user systems. 

• All onboard devices can be switch 
selected to occupy any or all ex- 
tended pages. Any on-board device 
may be disabled and its memory 
space is then available for exter- 
nal memory. 

• Standard real-time clock (time— 
of-day, day— of— week, day-of— 
month) with battery back up ca- 
pable of generating programmable 
interrupts. 

• Up to 20K of EPROM can be in- 
stalled on the CPU Board. 

• Standard 1 K of RAM on board. 

• Includes improved 6809 Monitor 
(and source listing). 

• Contains an FPLA for decoding 
EPROM address and optional de- 
vices. Switches are used to select 
2K/4K EPROM and Fast/Slow I/O. 

• Contains provision for optional 
9511/9512 floating point pro- 
cessor. 

• NMI line is user selectable to work 
with either SS-50 or SS-50C 
busses. 

Price for the new SCB— 69 is only 
S299.00 for an assembled, burned-in 
fully tested board. 



M-32-X 

32K 

Memory Board 

$539.00 $439.00 



The first and only 32K 
Static Ram Board on stan- 
dard size (5'//' x 9") 
SS-50/SS-50C Bus Cir- 
cuit Card is made by 
Smoke Signal. 

• Switch selectable to 
any 4K boundary. 

• Any 4K block may be 
switch enabled or dis- 
abled, 

• Fully compatible with 
SS-50C extended ad- 
dressing (allows mem- 
ory decoding up to 
1 Mbyte). 

• Extended addressing 
capability may be 
switched off for com- 
patibility with SS-50 
systems. 

• Gold Bus Connectors 
for high reliability. 

• Guaranteed 2MHz op- 
eration (tested at 2.2 
MHz). 

• Low power consump- 
tion — 8 volts at 
2.4 amps typical. 



M-32-X 
Board is 
$539.00. 



32K Memory 
priced at 




M-24-X 24K Memory 
Board expandable to 32K, 
is $439.00. 

AndourM-16-X 16K 
board is back to the old 
price of $299.00. 



BBMBCASTIHC 



31336 Via Colinas, Westlake Village, CA 91361, (213) 889-9340 



Disk Controller Boards 

SWTPC 5" OC-3 $150.00 

SWTPC8"DMF-2 395.00 

SSB 5" BFD-6B-S 335.00 

SSB 8" Bf D-68-8 335 00 

MICROWORKS DM-85 

Mixer Kit lor convening lo BFD-68 

lo both 5* and 8" operation $ 39.95 

SSB DCB-4 449.00 

CIMIX S/8 Disk Controller 226.S8 

Please Include SS 00 lo cover Shipping and Handling 
SWTPC Bareboards 

MP-Sb. MP-LAb. MP-Nb, MP-Rb, MP-Tb 15.00 

MP-8Mb. MP-09b 16809 Processor Board) 25.00 
We Have Most SWTPC Kits m Stock 

Software 

6600 or 6809 Modem Program with Disk File Transfer lor 
SSB or FLEX Instructions and Source Listing 25 00 

Dak with source and object (specify 6800. 6809, SSB FLEX) add 1000 
Editor-Text Processor-Maiht>9 Labels- Mailing Lists 
ALL IN ONE lor any terminal Specify SSBorFLEXand Version 35 00 
Source Listing add 35 00 

Microume 6800 Calendar and Clock Board (see review 
Feb 1980 '68' Micro Journal) 
Bareboard. connectors, and documentation 35 00 

Assembled and tested 105 00 

llii digit Math Package with Fortran Type Formatting 100.00 

Business Random Basic R3 lor SSB SO 00 

Mark Data Random Basic (Fastest Basic Avail lor SSB DOS) 60 00 
Payroll (Process any number of employees, fast) COO 00 

ALL IN ONE for only $35.00 

Editor - Text Processor - Mailing Labels - 

Mailing Lists For Any Terminal 

Supports Editing commands such as bottom, change, delete, 
find, insert (sing)e line), input (multiple lines), list. next, overlay (with 
cursor editing, character deletion and insertion), overslnke (for 
selected darker text), print, restart, set. lop. underline, up, and verify 

Supports Text Processing commands such as block copy, 
block move, centering, margin notification (widen and narrow), paging, 
and tabbing 

Mailing Lists and Isabels. Use the same mailing list disk file (with 
protected areas) for both mailing labels and repeat letters Repeal 
letters are personally addressed to each person or selected persons on 
the mailing list 

Most Powerful File Handling found m any editor Appendonehle 
to the end of another, or insert (merge) one hie into another as 
designated by the line pointer Pnnt specified lines to your printer or to a 
disk file Edit hies larger than the text buffer Does not produce output 
files when not desired Delete disk files from the Editor 

Printer commands. Control characters can be sent to the pnnter 
lor formal control either directly from the control terminal or by 
imbedding ihem in the text The Set command contains interface 
initialization and character output routines to support the SWTPC MP 
C interface as well as the standard serial and parallel interfaces User 
also selects the port address (0 thru 7. A or Blthoreby eliminating the 
need for the user to install printer software routines 

Editor allows exiling to either the monitor or DOS and then reenter 
(Warm Start) without destroying previously prepared text in the buffer 
The Restart command erases contents in the buffer without the user 
having to reload the editor 

The Editor allows the user to toggle between lull duplex (no echo) and 
half duplex (echo) as needed ll responds lo commands m both upper 
and lower case and can be used to create assembler source code and 
Basic programs'as well as texl 

What do you have to lose? Specify 6800 or 6809. SSBorFLEXand 
Version. Source listing is available lor an additional $35.00 

/TT\ AAA Chicago Computer Center 

\V I 120 Chestnut Lane, Wheeling, IL 60090 

^-^ SEE GIMIX AD PAGES 3 & 48 (312)459-0450 
Dealer (or GIMIX. SSB. SWTPC, and TSC 

FLEX is a TradeMark of Technical Systems Consultants 



'68' MICRO JOURNAL 

•fr The only ALL 6800 Computer Magazine. 
if More 6800 material than all the others com- 
bined: MAGAZINE COMPARISON 
(2 years) 
Monthly Averages 

6800 Articles TOTAL 

KB BYTE CC DOBB'S ' PAGES 

7.8 6.4 2.7 2.2 19.1 ea. mo. 

Average cost for all four each month: $5.88 

(Based on advertised 1-year subscription price) 

68 cost per month; $1.21 

Thai's Right! Much, Much More 

lor About 

1 5 the Cost! 

OK. PLEASE ENTER MY SUBSCRIPTION 

Bill My: Master Charge □ — VISA \J 

Card st Exp. Date 

For □ 1-Year □ 2 Years □ 3 Years 



Enclosed: $ 



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State 



.Zip. 



My^Computer ls:_ 



68 MICRO JOURNAL 
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HIXSON. TN 37343 

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE USA 

1-Year $18.50 2- Year $32.50 3-Year $48.50 

SUBSCRIPTION PRICe NON-USA (FOREIGN) 
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Q 1-Year $30.50 2-Years $57.50 3-Years J77.50 

Cash (USA) or Drawn on a USA Bankll! 

_ Foreign Sent VIA AIR MAIL CNON-USA) 

□ 1-Year (46.50 2-Years $92.00 3-Years $135.50 
Cash (USA) or Drown on a USA Bank! I I 




fO Og t^ 



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Life Subscription $250.00 
Note:Canada&Mexico ADD $4.50 per year. 
New subscriptions require 6-8 weeks 
processing time. 




36 



68' Micro Journal 



DIGITAL RESEARCH COMPUTERS 

(214) 271-3538 



32K S-100 EPROM CARD 
NEW! 





32K SS-50 RAM 

$ 379 00 k,t 



USES 2716'S 
Blank PC Board • S34 

ASSEMBLED A TESTED 
ADD 130 
SPECIAL: 2TISEPROMS (4MNS) AreSII IS EA With Above KM 



KIT FEA TUBES 
1 Use* .SVoniy 271S IJK.BI EPROM* 
7 Aflow* up to 32K of aoltwale on linei 
3 IEEE S-100 ComPahole 



7 Any or all EPROM location cm be 

disabled 
i Double tided PC board solder-masked. 

aila. screened 



4 Addressable « iwo independent IflK 9 Qold pilled contact itnflwa 



block » 
S Crorrxfpvcoexfendedor Norlhstarbank 
setae) 



10 Uninfected EPROMi automatically 

powered down for low power 
It fully bbflerrd and bypassed 



6 On ooard wen steiecvcuriry itneerjeo 17 Easy end quick to assemble 

16K STATIC RAM KIT-S 100 BUSS 

PHICE CUTt 



Mill II lit III Ml 
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For 2MHZ 

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a Eilendwd addressing can be d Babied 
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16K STATIC RAM SS-50 BUSS 

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KIT 



FULLY STATIC! 



KIT FEATURES 
t Addressable e*l°ui*ap4r.ie4Kf>%>ck* 
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rnemco Standard'! Allow* upiofji?K on tine 1 

3 Ute*2ll4 |4MN8I*K Static Kant* 

4 ON BOARD SELECT A8lS WAIT STATES 

5 Double aided PC Board, with .older mask wva 
»Jk screened l*voul Goto p/ated eonl eel linger. 

6 Ad eddreM end data line* tuny buttered 
T Kit include* AL L fieri* and sacheh 
I PHANTOM ta ximimsd To PIN ft 

« LOW POWER under t S emta TYPICAL Irom 

the «4 von Bw*» 
id Blank PC Board can 
multiple nl *n 



BLANK PC BOARD VYVDATA.J33 
LOW PROFILE SOCKET SET-S12 

SUPPORT IC'S 4 CAPS 119.95 
ASSEMBLED a TESTED-ADD S35 



OUR #1 SELLING 
RAM BOARD! 



STTREO! 



«•** STEREO! <W 

S-100 SOUND COMPUTER BOARD 



COMPLETE KITI 
$8495 

(WITH DATA MANUAL) 



At Ural, an S-100 Boa rd thai unteaanca the tul uu nar ol teas 
unbelievable Geneva! lnNfi*Ti*nr»AY>e»i0NMOSOTrne\i1ei 
aound IC* Asowt you imder total computer control to 
generate an intmilo number of special eound effects far 
oamaa or any other rarxsraro Sound* can b* called inBASIC 
ASSEMBLY LANOVAOE etc 
UTFCATUAU: 

• TWO Ol SOUND COtaTV/TIK IC7S 

• fOLjR PARALLEL IK) PORTS ON BOARD 

• USES ON BOARD AUDIO AMPS OR YOUR STEREO 

• •-I. BOARD ROTO TYPING AR£A 

• AU SOCKETS PARTS AND HARDWARE ARE IN LUDED 
« PC BOARD IS SOlDtflMA^KEf? 511 K SCHUfNED WITH GOLD CONTACTS 

• £ASY, QUICK ANOFUN TO BUILD WITH FULL INSTRUCTIONS 

• USES PROGRAMMED I/O FOR MAXIMUM SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY 
Bom Belie and Aaaembiy Language programming niamPw* are included 

SOFTWARE 
SCL-urno* available' Our Sound CorrMTiand Languaoe manes writing sound Fftecu program* 
a SNAP* 9CL- arse IKIudaa routmee tor fwOktter lumi»UOON •Aamory^uarww-Mooilr 
and Play Memory. SCL-ai xaaur on CP M'eoenp»i««a one**** or ltd* or JTle Diearrlf* 
S24.B 710a.l1a.s9, 77i« Mlk. Davtatt* inctudaa ma ururce EPROerrs are ORO at 
E0OOH 



BLANK PC 

BOARD W/OATA 

$31 



FOR 2MH2 

ADD $10 






iii*-iiii 



FOR SWTPCl 

6800 BUSS! 



rVTPC] 

yssjj 



ASSEMBLED AND 
TESTED - $35 



«.*.-*- 



KIT FEATURES 

■ Addieieabre on 16K Boundario* 

2 Um ft t< Sialic Ram 

3 fully Bypassed 

4 Doubt* aided PC Boeid Solder mask 
and silk screened layout 

$ A* Pans and Sockets included 

6 Low Power Under 1 5 Amps Tvtwcat 



BLANK PC BOARO-S35 COMPLETE SOCKET SET-S12 

SUPPORT IC'S AND CAPS-S19.95 



4K DYNAMIC RAM BLOWOUT1 
SAME AS INTEL 2107BI 
4K RAMS AT AN UNBELIEVABLE 50C EACHII! 
Prima, new. Nihonil Semi. 1979 dala coded, full spec puis N S 
BMM52B0-5N Sime as INTEL 21078-4, T I TMS4O60. NECuPOAII etc 
We bought • HUGE OTY Irom a Weal Coast Distributor at truly 
DISTRESS PRICES) One ol the most popular and reliable RAM's ever 
made. These parts have been used by elrnoat alt Malor Compute* Main 
Frame Mlg Ihe world over) Arranged as 4K x 1. 270 NS Access Time. 22 
Pin Dip Theae units DO NOT use multtpleied addressing, thus making 
REFRESH and other liming very simple Sea INTEL MEMORY DESIGN 
HANDBOOK lor lull application noles The NAT SEMI MEMORY DATA 
BOOK Is available at most Radio Shack Stores Prime units in original 
tactory tubesi 

,„ *52SO-5N 4096 BITS A 1 270 NS ACCESS 
t £Tv** 8 FOR $4.95 32 FOR $16 

FACTORY CASE (450 PCS) — $180 
Sockel* Special: 22 Pin Low PraHle CvVMh Purchase of 5200",) g FO r {1. 



COMPUTER PARTS SPECIALS 

74LS175- .99 8035 Intel Single Chip CPU 6.95 

74LS240 - 1.19 Signetlcs 2901 4 Bit Slice • 6.95 

74LS241 - 1.19 AMD 2903 4 Bil Super Slice • 12.50 

74LS244 - 1.19 AMD 29705 Dual Porl RAM - 8.95 

74LS373 • 1.29 Intel 2716-1 (350 NS) - 12.95 



NEW! G.I. COMPUTER SOUND CHIP 

AY389I0 AS leajurad in July 1979 BYTEi A tanlealtcally powerful sound S MtaliC 
Generator Period lor lt** wilh *ny a b,i Microprocessor Contains 3 Tone Channel* 
Noise Generator 3 Channels ol Amplitude Control 18 bitEnvelnpePerrod onirol.? t 
Bli Parallel I/O 3 Oto A Conveners plus much morel Ail in one aOPin OlP Super easy 
interlace 10 the S- MX or othei buss** S1I.9S PHICE CUT? 

SPECIAL OFFER jtfjfj each Add $3 tor 60 page Dala Manual 



Digital Research Computers 

•"• mC TFYACI 



(OF TEXAS) 



P.O. BOX 401565 « GARLAND. TEXAS 75040 « (214) 271-3536 



TERMS: Add $t 50 postage We pay balance Orders under SiSadd 75C 
handling NoCOO We accept Visa and MaslarCnargi Tea Res add 5% 
Tax Foreign orders (except Canada) add 20* P4H Orders over J50. add 
BSc for Insurance 



'TRADEMARK OF DIGITAL RESEARCH 

'68' Micro Journal 



WE ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA THE SUPPLIERS OF CPM SOFTWARE 



37 



DATA BASE 



MANAGER 



The universal Data Research Data Base Management System 
(DBMS) is a comprehensive group of programs that at loo 
a virtually untrained person to store and recall vast 
amounts of Information in a computer system to meet 
individual requirements. 

The DBMS is written in TSC Extended Disk Basic and 
requires at least 48k of memory to operate. All 
programs use a parameter file to allow easy adaption to 
individual systems. 

The user is guided through these extensive programs by 
menus and sub-menus grouped by type of function. By 
Simply answering prompts the user can creato files. 
Store any type of data and recal I or manipulate it. 
The* complex task of maintaining data files on the disk 
is completely taken care of by the programs, the size 
of the f| les is only limited by the disk storage 
capacity of the computer system. 

Transparent to the fixed sector length, sub-records of 
related information are created only to the size 
required to conserve disk space. These sub-records can 
contain as many as 27 different fields of information. 
Each field in turn can contain either alphanumeric, 
Integer or floating point data. 

For those users who wish to write their own specific 
tasks for the database a complete source listing of all 
the subroutines Is included at no extra charge. 

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM TYPES 

CREATE DATA FILES The user specifies the fite name, 
password and type of different data he wishes to Store. 

BUILD A FILE The user specifies the tile name and is 
then prompted through the fields, he has previously 
specified, to enter the data he wishes to store. After 
verification the data is stored and the user prompted 
for the next group of data. 

EDIT A FILE The user specifies which record he wishes 
and the data for that record is displayed. The user 
then has the option to alter any data contained by that 
record. Records can be specified by tho actual record 
number or by the data being looked tor by the user. 



SORT PROGRAMS To organize the data in the most 
meaningful order the user can sort any file by any 
field, create a sorted keyfile or merge two sorted 
f I les together. 

REPORT PROGRAMS meet the users individual needs 
reports can be completely customized. From a single 
record, labels or paginated sheet the user need only 
select the data he wishes to print and see only the 
data that meets a specified criteria. Report dtfnftions 
can be saved and used to rerun new reports at any time. 

FILt UTILITY PROGRAMS Enable the user to delete 
records, compress files, or modify any specified field 
data throughout the entire fl ie. The user may also 
transfer data from one file to another. 

GENERAL UTILITY PROGRAMS A group of utilities is 
provided to al low the user to view the directory of a 
disk, change the system date, print a source of a 
program, compare two programs for any differences or 
search a program for the occurence of any specified 
string without ever having to leave the DBMS. 



* NOW AVAILABLE * 



PAYROLL 



MANUFACTURER'S INVENTORY 
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE-ORDER INPUT 
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE-PURCHASE ORDERS 
CASH DISBURSEMENT-CASH RECEIVED 
MANUALS WITH PRINT OUT 



$295.00 
$295.00 
$295.00 
$295.00 
$195.00 
$ 20.00 



DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED 




UNIVERSAL 

D ATA 
RESEARCH 

|NC. 




DBM2 FLEX 
UNIFLEX 
DBM1 FLEX 



$350.00 
$450.00 
$150.00 



2457 VVEHRLE DRIVE 



BUFFALO. NEW YORK 14221 ■ 716-631-3011 
'88' Micro .lournal 



COMPUTER SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS, INC. 

1494 LATTA LANE, CON VERS, G A. 30207 
TELEPHONE 404-483-1717 OR 48 -4570 

SOFTWARE DEPARTMENT 

ALL PRO RAMS PROVIDED IN SOURCE ON DISK - SPECIFY i'lt" 
SUPER SLEUTH Professional Disassemble Syalem $100.00 

-tuna on 6600/1/9. analyzes 8800/1/5/9 & 6502 codes 

-generalaa 8600/1 ASM code from 8800/) code 

-generalea 8604 ASM code from 8600/1/9 code 

-generates 8605 ASM code and 6502 ASM eode 

— aulomalle labels, opilonalFCB. FCC. FOB* 

-optionally generates 6609 relocatable code 

-Input blnai fit* Irom disk or from memory 

—memory changes to program thru full-screen editor 

—output disk file may be source or new binary file 

— command* from menu or Irom and to disk file 

-generates FLEX and user -defined names 

—Includes assembler language XREF program 

—contact SMOKE or CER-COMP lor non-FLEX systems 
8605/8801/6502 Macros lor TSC 8609 ASM EACH 

—macro sals for cross-assembly on 6809 ALL 3 

FULLSCREEN FORMS OISPLAY for TSC 8609 X-BASIC 

—display and edit for terminals and video displays 

—complete cursor control for screen Input/output 

-Interactive forma generator/documentor provided 
TSC BASIC RESEOUENCINO AN0 XREF PROGRAMS 

-processes TSC BASIC, X-BASIC, PC. XPC programs 

- paitlal and Wank-nsSequ enoe capabt Miles 
—alphabetized xref of all variables and BASIC verbs 

TSC X.BASIC DISK SORT/MERGE GENERATOR 
—Interactively generates TSC XPC BASIC programs or 
aubro-lne. ^^fl^ aJLtflfr^ 

I/O SELECTRIC INTERFACE BOARD 

—ASCII (aerial or parallel) In. 28-S0v solenoids out 
—transparent serial Interlace (RS-232/TTL + CTS) 
—2706 PROM with Correspondence ball codes $15.00 

SS-50 WIRE-WRAP BOARD (52-16 pin equivalent) 

SS-30 WIRE-WRAP BOARD (32-16 pin equivalent) 

SS 30 SERIAL BOARD (1 ACIA, all modem lines) 

SS-50 FRONT PANEL DISPLAY BOARD 

— )8 LEDs display first digit ol address 

COD charge* added — VISA, MASTERCARD accepted 
US hinds only — Add 5% (is% Foreign) for postage 
For dealer discount Information, contact Sud l»aaa 



S 50.00 
1100 00 
S 50.00 



t 25.00 



$ 25.00 



$ 35.00 



$ 25.00 

* 12.50 

$ 10.00 

$ 10.00 



DYNAMITE® 

„ "THE CODE BUSTER" 
DISASSEMBLES 6800 & 6609 MACHINE CODE 
INTO BEAUTIFUL SOURCES. I 

v y v N 

• Convert your 6800 programs to 6809! 

• Automatic LABEL generation 

• Allows specifying FCB's, FCC's, FDBS, etc. 

• Constants input from DISK or CONSOLE 

• Automatically uses system variable NAMES 

• DISK-to-DISK or DISK-to CONSOLE operation 
Includes 5" or 8" FLEX 9 diskette with relocatable 

object code. Full operating instructions (you'll learn in 
minutes!) 

Order your DYNAMITE ,u today 
Only $60.00 postpaid in U.S. MC & VISA accepted 

6809, FLEX 9. and 24K total RAM required 
order from: 



COMPUTER SYSTEMS CENTER 

13461 Olive Blvd. 

Chesterfield, MO 6 017 

(314) 576-5020 

we also stock SWTPC, TSC. JPC products 
hours 12-9 daily, 10-5 Saturday 



% 



Dealer inquiries welcome 
FLEX is a trademark of TSC (Bless their hearts) 



6809! 

INTRODUCING THE NEW 

STATE-OF-THE-ART 

IN MICROCOMPUTER 

SOFTWARE FROM MICROWARE 

OS9-1 SINGLE USER 

OS9-1 WITH TAPE FILE MANAGER 

on 2716'S $ 95.00 

on 2708s $ 95.00 

Manual & Source only $ 85.00 

OS9-1 WITH DISK FILE MANAGER 

on 2716s $150.00 

on 2708 s $150.00 

Manual & Source only $150.00 

DEBUGGER PACKAGE 

(aprox 1K) 



Manual & Source 



on 2716s 
on 2708 s 
on tape 

on disk 
only 



$ 50.00 

$ 50.00 

$ 35.00 

$ 35.00 

$ 50.00 




INTERACTIVE EDITOR/ASSEMBLER 

on 2716'S $180.00 

on 2708s $180.00 

on tape $150.00 

on disk $150.00 

Manual & Source only $150.00 

Above items available after aprox. June 1 , 

1980. 



SEE GIHIX A0 
PAGES 3 i 48 



COMING SOON!!! 

BASIC09 
OS9-2 MULTIUSER 

When ordering, you must specify; type of 
CPU card, type of disk controller, size of 
media and starting address for your I/O 
ports. 

From the company that puts it all together. 
GIMIX, SMOKE. SWTPC. MICROWARE, 
ANADEX, SPINWRITER. DIGITUS, HI- 
PLOT, MICROWORKS 

H H H ENTERPRISES 

BOX 493, Laurel, MO. 

ZIP 20610 
PHONE 301-953-1155 



'66' Micro Journal 



_3» 



Model 6800CL4 CalClock/TIMER 




"^Jlr tE 



■• r ° 3 i o, n a 

?" oki m5ms»3/ y y 



??0 



Di C6 



09 



1 



ui: 



• •USES WE IJ<> SIOT FOB IWO tO FUNCTIONS 



IT'S A HARDWARE CALENDAR/CLOCK 

• Keep* dots and lime without servicing by ihe computer 

• Doy-ol-wMk P iWnlh/doy'y»of i )K».tf:minrfc»t|l2/24hr.+ ourQ teopYeor) 

• Hu*d» olf nfHw*Qnt©nfro1>o«:tew of All fumtiorH Wo wftwore 

■ On-cord bollery and charging tintjit Jie*pt rim* for month*, t puw i oft 

WITH AN INTERVAL TIMER INCLUDED 

• Far (TSCJfUi29 campoiibte) prinler tpooiin*, multi-tasking, etc. 

fully oite m fc Ud A iwltd » 19995 S"DJtMtr«2 D FlevffO, J 10.00 

Complete tit* S 69.95 Goldptoted bo»i connectors S 6.00 

Bare board* J 35 00 Shipping A handling \ 300 

* FULLY DOCUMENTED: tni tructloni; dlaOfamv lheo*r mare than20pogei 
ol sompt* »ofiwore(auto*natkaHy putt dale in Ft*i2/V date buffer, odd* 
ttme-of doy lo atiembly liillrhji, fnofnfalnt confront, twrenl tlme*dole 
dliplay an lop line af CRT). Batierle* nol Included. 



M 



COMPUWAd Corpomlkw 
CO Bo. 7 710 
Ch.rry HIM, NJ 08003 
609- 4 28- 3 309 



T.tmii CASH) MCl or Vita 
N*w J«H)r buy»rt: ADD 5* 



6809 
WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM 



STOOattAMI "* (formerly STYLUS) will give your 6809 
real text processes muscle. It is a fully integrated, 
interactive, text processes system with state-of-the-art 
features such as: 

. CURSOR BASED EDITING 

. DYNAMIC ON SCREEN FORMATTING 

. INSTANT SCREEN UPDATING 

. POWERFUL PRINTING OPTIONS 

. SIMPLE, STRAIGHTFORWARD DOCUMENTATION 

. FLEX AND OS-9 COMPATIBILITY 

■ LIBERAL UPDATE POUCV 

Veisions are available for CT-82, Soroc, Hazeltine, Heatri, DEC, 
Televldeo, Seehrve, Wcroterm, intertube, U«r Siegier, and Gimix 94x80 
terminals, Nee, Diablo, Qume, and tly type printers are supported 

OS-9 versions are available from Mcroware, Box 4865, Des Moines, 
lows 50304. 

Price, manual only $15.00 i NY add 
try printer » 135. 00 sales 

other printers $150.00 I tax 

smoc«APM ,M « a trademark o» SONEX SYSTEMS. Flex is a trademark of 
Technical sy»«ms Consultants. 



BOX 238 WILLIAMSVIUE, Ny 14251 

714— 434-Mee 



VC-256 

GRAPHICS 

The VC-256 is a high resolution graphics interface 
for the SS-50 bus. The controller incorporates a 
variety of unique and innovative features which 
provide excellent display quality combined with 
EXTREME SIMPLICITY of use. It will drive any 
monitor with composite video input. 

Featuring . . . 



' individual pixel control 

' true X-Y addressing 

' single instruction erase 

' independent blanking control 

' jitter free display 

' industrial quality construction 

' fully socketed 



' no system memory utilized 
no address space occupied 
no splatter on update 
no adjustments 
no software dnver 
no software initialization 
no throughput loss 



Specifications 

Resolution 256 x 256 (256 x 250 on some monitors) 

Bandwidth 8 MHz 

Stability crystal controlled 

Addressing mode X-Y single pixel 

Origin upper lell corner 

Writing rate 64 microseconds per pixel 

Erase time 16.7 milliseconds 

Write sync interlocked 

Blanking program controlled 

Output signal non-interlaced composite video 

Memory 65.536 bits in X-Y array on board 

Registers Write: X, Y, Z. Erase Read: status 

Port addresses 4 in I/O address space 

Physical location one slot of 30 pin I/O bus 

Size 5.6 in x 5 6 in 

IC court! 40 + 4 regulators 

Oulpul 75 ohm coax 

SOFTWARE SUPPLIED 
(6809 5V 4 - FLEX«) INCLUDES" 

Camera Digitizer Program • Misc. Pattern Programs 

" Exerciser Program • Line Drawing Routine 

Character Generator Routine (All with Source Code) 



1 1 I 1 




e •;-;ec^e 



PRICE: $350 — assembled, tested, and burned in 
AVAILABILITY: stock to 30 days WARRANTY: 90 days 
Supplied with 6 (eel ol cable :ess video monitor connector. 
SEE GIMIX AD PAGES 3 A 48 



GIMIX STOCKING DISTRIBUTOR 



\A HAZELWOOD COMPUTER SYSTEMS 

7413 NO. LINDBERGH. HAZEL WOOD, MO 63042 (31 4) 837-3488 

MasterCharge VISA American Express Diners Club 
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED 

fif* - " IS A TRADEMARK OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS 



40 



WJ Micro Journal 



Model EP-2A-88 

EPROMProgr mmer 




Fast a* Jackrabbils . . . WelL almost! 

In Australia, two rabbis can reproduce over 13 mllhon offspring in 
i years <ii 105 seconds lor 27D6 j. ihe EP-2A-88 can reproduci; 
1, 892. 160 EPROMS in 3 years Single push button control, the 
EP-2A.88 checks if KPHOMS are erased, programs and verifies. 
It alto checks for defective EPROMS. 

Tun basic models are available. The EP 2A 88-1 will accept Copy 
(CM) modules (or the 2758. and 2716 EPROMS The EP2A8H 2 
uviil accept copy modules lor the 2716. 2732 and TMS 2532 
EPROMS Power requirements are 1 IS VAC 50/60 Here at 15 
wans 



Pan No 


Ommttn 


Piw# 


0>2A«xl 


€PROM Plov«n»T«i 


V)«Ktl 


EP2AWK2 


OT»OM Ph^loimi 


4<*>i« 


CMSn 


CnwM. M | u l>luf27l<> TMSaikF/TtOMS 


zsno 


CMW1 


Ccw Hah* kx TO* t«IOMS 


aid 


CM Zli 


Corv Mofc* lot 2732 t«(OMS 


2&«l 


CM 40 


Com HoMi lui IMS 2S32 UWMS 


2SW 




MonSl«xUrrlv.4jipO(inwtl&nv Mill, lidv) 


ISUi 



Optimal Technology, Inc. 

Blue Wood 127, EA/tywvllie. Vt/rjinla 22936 
Phon* (804) 973-M82 



SOUTHWEST MICROSYSTEMS 

BRING YOUR SS-50 BUS OR EXORCISOR '" BUS 
6800/09 COMPUTER INTO THE 1980'sll 




FINALLY1! A 64K/2S6K MEMORY BOARD FOR 

THE SWTPC, MSI. GIM1X. 02. EXORCISOR " & 

MICROCHROMA 68 COMPUTERS 









, wi r^ ***** - 



■ frw^fc **»l^» ■*•> «• 



m wta m "*— - 



mici i395 



(f Soft-R ware® ^ 

ease yourself into a new 
dimension of efficiency 

MICRO UTILITY PACKAGES 

FLEX(tm) SSB- 6800 / 6809 

Use Soft-R Wareltm) to lame some of the tigers thai 
routinely plague programmers and make Ihe tigers purr 
like kittens. Easy and simple lo use utilities run in last 
machine language. 



(iHOO 

S29 95 ALPHABETIZING PACKAGE 

SJ4.95 BASCOMPAREiTM) 

S34.95 DISK MAINTENANCE PACKAGE 

$39.00 MICRO PROCEOURESITMI 

S24.95 RE-MAT/ITITM) 

See previous ads tor descriptions. 



6809 

S39.95 SSB only 

S49.95 

S49.95 SSB only 

— SSB only 



MICRO Utilities provide easy flexibility to meet personal or 
customer needs for customized software. Simple language 
structures lo enable a novice lo build programs. The profes- 
sional will appreciate the power of mainframe software at a 
fraction of i is cost. Ideal for the systems house requiring frequent 
customization for a wide cuslomer base, with the speed of 
machine language processing. Extensive documentation. 



6800 or 6809 

Si 39 00 MICRO SORTER"* 
S24900 MICRO WRITER® 
See previous ads lor descriplions. 

Numerous accounting, church, and professional packages also 
available. Menu driven for ease of operation with logical work 
tlow procedures, all in RANDOM BASIC. 



Specify 6800, 6809, FLIX*. SSB, 5" or 8" disks when ordering. 
Please add S2.50 for orders under S50.00 for shipping and 
handling. 



Write call for more information. 
Soft-R ware is marketed exclusively by 

RIPLEY COMPUTERS 

126 N. MAINST.SOUDERTON. PA 18964 

(215) 723-1509 

CHECK. MASTER CHARGE, VISA AND COD ACCEPTED 
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED 



^ 



SOnK WAM. IASCOMTARE. AM 

TRAOEMARXSOI RlPlEV COMPUTERS 

MICRO WRITER MICRO SORTER AMD MICRO PROCEDURES ARE 

TRADEMARKS OF AUTOMOTION. INC 

•HEX .» i iixSptwik oi TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS 



yj 



'68' Micro Journal 



41 



PRINTER SPECIALS 

FOR ALL POPULAR MICROCOMPUTERS 



CENTRONICS 737 -S79 

• 80-50 CPS — backrtorward 
feed 

• 18 X 9 dot mainx — 
U/L case 

• Proportional, expanded 
compiessed 

• 3 way paper teed 

Parallel interlace card & cable for 
Apple II S175 





PSON MX-80 • S645 

• 80 CPS — bidirectional 

• 9 X 9 dol matrix — U/L case 

• Compressed $ expanded prin 

• Adjust tractors 
Parallel interlace A cable lor 

Apple II St 10 



OMPUTERWARE 



1512 Encmitas Blvd • Bo» 668 
Encinitas. CA 92024 • (7141 436-3512 



HOW TO ORDER 

*>tv,nr Ofd.19 *»« .IVr.ti.l 

U-.ff VIS* MMIir 

Cl*rge Of seno casni«*» 

*•-..• of rnoAeir vott 

U.*n Qfl . U 5 Eunk 



Write for our Special Mail-Order Prices 



computer 




ORIGINAL ADVENTURE 

RUNS ENTIRELY IN RAM - FAST 

REQUIRES 36K OF RAM (SMOt- S7FFF ♦ DOS RAM) 

AVAILABLE FOR WOO OR SB09 ON PERCOM DISK 
OR TSC FLEX DISK. OTHER SYSTEMS INQUIRE 

S21.95 POSTPAID 

APPLICATION SERVICES COMPANY 
P.O.BOX 12227 

WICHITA. KANSAS 67277 



6809 



RECORD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 



RMS 



DATABASE MANAGEMENT 



•USER DEFINEO RECORD FORMAT VIA DATA DICTIONARY 
•SCREEN ORIENTED. FORM FILL OUT TYPE OF ACCESS 
•OPTIONAL 1WO LEVEL RECORD HIERARCHY 
•ALL FILES IN ASCII TEXT FORMAT, BASIC COMPATIBLE 
•DIRECT ACCESS BY KEY FIELD, MULTIPLE INDEX FILES 
•EXTENSIVE DOCUMENTATION. SAMPLE APPLICATION 
■VERSATILE. PROFESSIONAL QUALITY REPORT WRITER 
•BUILT-IN SORT/ MERGE 
•EASY TO USE 




RMS is a complete DATABASE MANAGEMENT package 
for the 6809 computer. It is made up of five machine 
language programs that make up the most powerful 
business programming tool available for the 6809. It can be 
used by the relative novice, to implement an incredible 
variety of information storage and retrieval applications, 
without any programming. However, the programmer can 
use RMS as part of the solution to a larger problem, saving 
many hours of unnecessary program development time. 
RMS can be used to handle data input, editing, validation, 
on-line retrieval, sorting and printed reports. Custom data 
manipulation can be filled in by the user's BASIC programs. 



SINGLE CPU LICENSE 
FLEX* $200 

OS 9+ $260 

UNIFLEX* $300 

rtRMS VISA MC PREPAID 



WASHINGTON 
COMPUTER SERVICES 

3028 SILVERN LANE 

BELLINGHAM, WA 9822S 

1 12061 734-8248 



r-LlJHMUNIH.lXw.ti. 



ttt r m t,r...... BflMrol *..n„lr»MU-. , 



OS 9 <■ ■ HjHMm.ni at Mcimm 



42 



68 Micro Journal 





Series 2 

Brings it all Together ! 










Hardware Features 

• 2 MMi 88800 MPU 

* Double Floppy Disk Drive- 388K bytes 
formatted 

• 32K, 48 K. or 64 K by te dy nam c R AM 

* Inlelllgoni Video Terminal 

' Commercial typewriter keyboard with 

function keya and numberlc pads 
' 2 RS-232C serial ports 



Software 
Features 

• UCSO Pascal* System Soft are Package 

• 6600 Multitasking System (MTS6800) 
SoHware Dynamics Basic Compiler 

• WOO DM ATE Word Processor 
- Various Application Packages 

*" 1 *" fc M f n i - aw " i •* n' n I 



Packaging 

* Attractive, Compact, desk- 
top enclosure 

■ Light-weight, highly portable 
- Provision tor 3 I/O 
Expansion modules 

* Highly reliable, ease ot 
maintenance 



Price: -Quantity I (one) end user 64K RAM-368K disk UCSO PASCAL SYSTEM- $3450.00 







♦ ♦♦ 



WAVE MATE INC. 
13005 Adria Maru Lane 
Carson. California 90746 
213-532-4532 

Telex 1 94369 



EUROPEAN HEAOOLIARTERS 
WAVE MATE INTERNATIONAL 
l59Ch deVlnurget 
1050 Briixelles, Belgium 
(02)649-1070 Telex 24050 



'68 Micro Journal 



43 



80ttlEl688t6Pfil 

Micpo 

8yS.eff.8 



*IM * ♦ .«* 



n$t ti.n 

tut «.« 

«!«• II. ♦« 

till ... 
*IM ... 

*IIS ... 
*M<II. 
Ifrlilt.. 
UcKit. 



SS-5Q 6800-6809 5S-50C 
64K MEMORY BOARD 
kit or assembled 



l»ft\ 



I.M 

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Stt.|r KM 

■ m ss !• i ssser 

• J ati« icins iaA!.c.»ii(. 

• I m f-Jtli *lBI«4s<*<»trtl 

• iW HAD Ititf MJT CZh 

■ mi pis* rtniwtim 

• MM SP*UT« 



64 K KIT 

*345 



»•» IW HI* *K> «WI « Pl» 1W f»t*l«. 

» litter 10 

VM 

MOVtSA 



BUS l» CJI Hit PVWNIC M* 

101*1 rM»S»«IM«T KIMS': (TfMTTS I HI STITir 

ton nmt ctfusuurr it* iam> # •» m«« vii * .< «pc 

ATO»I5S«l< 10 «W II 8ICCCS 

1 r*jv * uSfP *ztn i*i <£ »** 
> imata «xxwssi«c re it-waft 

' U1S Ifilll ATMISS WlflPltOt /US 

wjit* i»mmv rcwnotift 

' Iff MIES IM MM «t»llf tUSS 

< au«t »usi «*r jiKjcorwv wmvs 
• >u irwitv mips act ptim iiit.isjn* 

' <IIS AM) 6C*»PS «f II* JTdri 

mifts 

• III HI Ik IK t*M S N«.M 

• III Mia Id U« JI5.M 

• ASV. i ITSITP »IIK IU tMt... 1H.CC 
' ASH. I nSTCVvlTH 'li «*»... )•>.<« 



p-SYS" 
64-K 

DYNAMIC 



II I 111! If*** . 1*1. *» 
(l*(l 



404 422 1610 



sw gnu i« nawwi runts 



srw »n*t )»m n 



«>»> «.i» pn wiPPtun rv us* m.w i *' i * 

tPJruir n u( '1M>! 



10*0 IRIS DO 
1*0 BOX J9J 

(ONflHS (.. 
J0»7 



BLITZ 



SCREEN EDITOR FOR THE CT-82 

• IDEAL FOR WORD PROCESSING OR PROGRAMMING 

• THERE IS NO FASTER / EASIER WAY TO EDIT TEXT 

• IT ALL HAPPENS IMMEDIATELY ON THE SCREEN SO 
YOU SEE EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE DOING: INSERT 
CHARACTER, DELETE CHARACTER, INSERT LINE, 
DELETE LINE, SCROLL UP, SCROLL DOWN 

• RUNS ON 6800 OR 6809 UNDER TSC's FLEX 

• AVAILABLE ON 6 OR 8 INCH DISKETTE 

• BEST OF ALL - YOU CAN BUY THE ENTIRE 
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE SOURCE CODE, SO YOU 
CAN ADD YOUR OWN CUSTOM FEATURES 

• FROM THE COMPANY THAT BROUGHT YOU THE 
MICR0PI4 USER PILOT/BASIC/EDITOR PACKAGE 

$60 -OBJECT ONLY 

$100 - SOURCE AND OBJECT 



206-734.8248 




(CROP1 



r L*jfT»m html WupVwigKin 0820? 



How much will it cost to 




SIM68 

S39.95. 
plus shipping 




LSI Enterprises Ltd. 

P. 0. 1227 

Wood haven. NT 11471 

212-631-9212 



A 



\J 



VISA and 
Master Card 
accepted 



upgrade your software 
to run on your 6809? 

Rin your 6100 software On your 6809 without cross 
assembly or modification 

Simulates all 6800 opcodes! 

Available oh FLEX(r) or Percom disk 8 KC tape. 

(minifloppy only) 

(r) - registered tm ol TSC 

US Slipping $1: Foreign varies 

B8' Micro Journal 



HEMENWAY ASSOCIATES 
SOFTWARE SOURCE BOOKS™ 



Your 6800 is up and running with HEMENWAY ASSOCIATES' complete software system. Software 
Source Books provide a powerful yet extensible programming package for business, scientific, or 
personal uses. 

Combining detailed descriptions with COMPLETE SOURCE COOE LISTINGS, these books explain 
the internal operations and algorithms used in HEMENWAY ASSOCIATES' popular systems soft- 
ware. 

Imagine getting a complete 6800 software library, and at these suprisingly low prices. 

Remember, these are not just books; they are Software Source Books™ complete software re- 
sources) Order them today; VISA and MASTERCHARGE accepted. 



CP/68 OPERATING SYSTEM 

The most powerful operating system available 
for the 6800 family of microprocessors, this disk- 
based system features great flexibility. The user 
can add commands for special purposes. A 
single transient Peripheral Interchange Program 
(PIP) transfers data between devices. The sys- 
tem is relocatable anywhere in memory and fits 
in less than 8K. Other features include device- 
independent I/O and dynamic file allocation. 

U.S. $34.95 
Int. $52.45 

XA6809 
MACRO LINKING CROSS-ASSEMBLER 

This new two-pass program generates reloca- 
table and linkable code (requires LINK68) Resi- 
dent on any 6800 system, XA6809 lets you pro- 
duce code for a 6809 right now. This assembler 
has full macro facilities and features a COMMON 
section for the production of ROMable code, Con- 
ditional Assembly and last execution. 

U.S. $24.95 
Int. $31.50 

LINK68 LINKING LOADER 



RA6800ML RELOCATABLE 
MACRO ASSEMBLER 

This two-pass assembler produces a program 
listing, a sorted symbol table listing, and reloca- 
table object code. The object code is loaded and 
linked with other assembled modules using 
LINK68. This book fully describes the 6800 as- 
sembly language and all major routines used, 
and includes flow charts, details on interfacing 
the assembler. Cross-referenced, showing all 
calling and called-by routines, pointers, flags 
and temporary variables. 

U.S. $24.95 
Int. $37.45 

Structured BASIC language 
STRUBAL + ™COMPILER 

The compiler features variable precision from 4 
to 14 digits for business or scientific uses and 
Structured Programming forms. It produces Re- 
locatable and linkable code. You can create 
data structures with mixed data types, COM- 
MON and DUMMY sections. STRUBAL + ™ in- 
cludes a complete scientific package. It allows 
for string-handling and is extensible. 

U.S. $49.95 
Int. $74.95 



This is a one-pass linking loader which allows 
separately translated relocatable object mod- 
ules to be loaded and linked together to form a 
single executable load module, and to relocate 
modules in memory. It produces a load map and 
a load module in Motorola MIKBUG loader for- 
mal. This book provides everything necessary 
for learning about this system and the nature of 
linking loader design in general. 

U.S. $7.95 
Int. $1 1.95 



fWMitM <*• 



^c„o«..T«.,m. HEMENWAY ASSOC INC. 

...inwi. "owui 101 TREMONT STREET 

■mi BOSTON, MA 02108 

■khuikmi (617)426-1931 



■uunoiuMi 



*Ll Of* " ~ 



IftiH ftOCB KM "t&T CLAW 

ubK •* iim KKfe *on men 



OVCK t*CVOMO * 1*tt 



><m> Pmnsar 



(«»! CL>M MOMI 



'68' Micro Journal 



.45 



* CT-64 



1 jtit 
i 




CT-1024 




* DMA VIDEO ADAPTER 
FOR YOUR TERMINAL 

• DMA (ability to update anyplace on the screen 
directly) 

• HIGH SPEED DISPLAY (fast as anyvideo board) 

• KEYBOARD CONTROL (of baud rate and paging 
scrolling) 

• DOCUMENTATION (includes source listing that 
replaces Outee) 

J.B.I, adapter with memoiy $162.95. J.B.I, adapter 
without memory $149 95. Source Code on Disk 
$5.00 — Tape $3.50 

Provide your system configuration and sottware. 
Terms: cash. MC. Visa or C O.D. plus $ .50 
shipping and handling. 

Johnson Micro Computer 

2607 E. Charleston 

Las Vegas. Nev. 69104 

1-702-384-3354 



•t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.I.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.t.^ 

F&D Associates c . cn 
1210 Todd Road BUS 

New Plymouth, Ohio 
45654 s df , c 614-592-5721 

Send for f roe Catalog 
Vita ~ Ma»l«r Charge ~ C.O.D. 

•i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i«i*i«i«i«ui«i«ui« 

X SBM-1 SINGLE BOARD MICROCOMPUTER 

The SBM-1 is a Single Board Microcomputer for the S50 bus 
designed to lake advantage of the MC6801 which has eighi 
distinct operating modes, expanded 6800 instruction set senal 
I O interface 16 bit timet with 3 modes. 31 parallel 10 lines, 
interna) clock 128 bytes of internal RAM, etc Theboardcanbe 
used on the S50 bus as a general Purpose CPU or stand-alone 
in many control and interfacing applications 

A baud rale generator prototyping space, and up to 8k ol 27 16 
EPROM and or 2716 compatible RAM maKe this a very ver- 
satile board MIKBUG(tm)* SWTBUGftm)'*. FADBUG-MMS 
type Monitors m EPROM can be used to make the SBM-1 a 
replacement for the MP-A2 The board can be used with all 
6S01 6803 versions and is particularly useful with the 
MC680IU which has a built-in monitor (LILBUG lm)' The 
680 1 L 1 can also be programmed to operate in any o( the eight 
modes which allows it to be used with some other monitor 
residing in EPROM or RAM Only the 6801L1 and two 14 pin 
chips are required to start up in minimum mode 

SBM- 1 Bare Board and Doc S37 50 plus S2 50 s<h 
- nam ...» « WolixoU - u»wtu» ol swrec 



6809 HUMBUG! 



The BEST 6800 monitor is now available for the 6809. Get the power of a 6809, but keep the 
friendliness and simplicity of the 6800 with HUMBUG-09. 

HUMBUG-09 provides the common functions and commands of your present monitor, 
but adds full trace and debugging facilities. With it you can single-step programs, insert and 
keep track of multiple breakpoints, dump memory, abort and continue programs, and more. 
You can switch I/O ports during execution of a program, link to user-supplied I/O routines or 
video boards, even pause when the screen is full. 

It has a very simple — yet new — way of handling the DAT that eliminates all hassles. 
Adding non-standard equipment such as disk controllers or video boards is easy and 
automatic. Makes the DAT work for you instead of against you. 

Most important, HUMBUG-09 takes the mystery out of your 6809 system. It always does 
exactly what you expect it to — no unpleasant surprises. Its based on a years user experience 
with 6800 HUMBUG. 

The initial version is for systems using the SWTP MP-09 CPU board and less than 64K of 
RAM; it does not support the DMF-2 disk. (Alternate versions available, including 
video-based versions). The price of S75 includes two ROMs, complete manual, and either full, 
commented source listing or source code on disk — you choose! 

And heres an offer you can't refuse: If you buy our 6800 HUMBUG, we'll give you full 
trade-in credit when and if you decide to upgrade to HUMBUG-09. See our ad in last months 
issue for our other fine 6800/6809 products, or send s*a«s*e«. For information. 

STAR-KITS, P.O. Box 209, Mt. Kisco NY 10549 



46 



68 Micro Journal 



THOMAS INSTRUMENTATION 

••* SS-50 MODEM CARD *** 

'Auto answer/originate 'Uses the Bell 103 Modem standard (0-300 baud) 'Use with DAA-CBS 
interface 'Dial pulsing capability & software listings included for user "dial-up" and/or "answer" 
"Extra features: 'Tone dial capability *2 extra RS-232 serial ports 'Real time dock/calendar 
'2 extra parallel pods 

'Asm. & tested, with extra features $395.00 

'Asm. & tested, without extra features $325.00 

'Special parts kit (bare board, 2 filters, relay, and transformer) $195.00 

'Software object and source on flex disk . . . $10.00 'bare board $ 49.00 

AjT $425.00 "• SS-50 24K RAM CARD *** B/C $49.00 

'Decoded for extended addressing '6600, 6802, 6809 compatible *6-4K blocks individually 
addressable 0-F 'Low power consumption (typ. 3 amps) 'Add memory 1K at a time using low cost 
2114Ls ($5.00 ea) 'Gold edge connectors 
fiJT with 16K $325.00; with 8K $225.00; with 1K $150.00 

AjT $195.00 *"SP-1*** B/C $49.00 

'Perfect for the user who wishes to design his own special interface, but doesn't want the bother of 
decoding and interfacing to the processor buss. Three PIAs, four ACIAs. and one PTM (3-6821 . 4-6850, 
1-6840) are already buffered and decoded. Three TO-220 regulators (+5. +12, -12) 'Pad spacing 
permits the use of most standard sockets from 8 to 64 pins "Accommodates a mix of 38 14 & 1 6 pin 
sockets 

AjT $95.00 *" TRANSITION CARD *** B/C $49.00 

*A component part of Thomas Instrumentations Backplane System 'Contains all the necessary 
hardware to interface 8 SS-30 slots to one SS-50 slot 'Contains all the logic necessary for use with a 
6800 or 6809 system 'Provisions for optional (not supplied) on-board baud rate generator and slow 
memory have been made 

AjT $95.00 "* CASSETTE INTERFACE CARD *** B/C $49 00 

'Plugs into Thomas Instrumentation's CPU Card 'Uses circuitry licensed from and compatible with the 
JPC High Speed interface 'Includes dual relays for motor control 
Software drivers on cassette $25.00 Software drivers in EPROM $35.00 

•RCA Keyboards Model 601 $80.00 Model 611 $100.00 CPU Cable $12.00 

'Super CPU assembled with source listing BACKPLANES/MOTHERBOARDS 

but without 2K-EPROMS (2-2708 $235.00 '16 Position SS-50 $80.00 

'Monitor in two 2708 EPROMS $29.00 *1 2 Position SS-50 $60.00 

'CPU bare card, doc, & source $ 59.00 • 8 Position SS-50 $40.00 

'Video ram asm. 7x9 chars 64x16 line $195.00 ' 4 Position SS-50 $20.00 

'Video ram bare card, doc, & source $ 49.00 * 8 Position SS-30 $39.00 

'Parallel I/O asm 100 I/O lines 'Connectors: 

incl. 5 PIAs for 10 ports $139.00 Gold $1.60 ea. (M or F) 

'Parallel I/O bare card & doc. $ 49.00 Tin M $.40 ea. F $.50 ea. 

'Wire-wrap/Prototype bare card $ 39.00 

Ask about Thomas Instrumentation's Low Cost System 

and the new Rack Mount Chassis 

DEALERS FOR SWTPC, GIMIX, AND TSC 

'All Thomas Instrumentation's cards come with full documentation including software source listings 

where applicable 'All assembled cards are burned in at 1 50F and fully tested with Gold conn. 'Bare 

card prices do not include edge connoctors 

THOMAS INSTRUMENTATION 

168 EIGHTH STREET AVALON, NJ 08202 (609) 967-4280 

NJ RES. INCLUDE 3% SALES TAX 

CONT. USA INCLUDE $2.00 SHIPPING. CANADA $5.00, FOREIGN $10.00 

MASTERCARD. VISA and C.O.D. ACCEPTED 

'68' Micro Journal 47 




G1MIX 6809 CPU BOARDS 
for the SS-50 BUS 

The GIMIX 6809 PLUS CPU is an extremely 

versatile board that offers the user a great many features 

and options which make i) an ideal choice 

for a variety of systems and applications. 




♦ All FPU Ikhu omens can M indtvMiiai! y enaoted rjoablea 

♦ FPU deads) devices art available lor OMA aecaa 

«■ Wended addressing for im FPU decried devices (tan be 
duorad) 

♦ Software switching between on and Ml Doard system monitors using 
extended addressing 

♦ Jumper selectable interrupts for Hie 6840. 58167 and 9ST1A/951Z 

♦ Any one ol 3 memory manauenwni technrnues can be used 

Straijril Bank Select 

GIMIX Enhanced DAT w/sollwafe wile prelect (optional) 

SWTPC compatible OAT treated tor SBUGEI (oottoul) 

♦ Software write proMI tn »K Mocks. Of the entire address spate 
(when GIMIX enfttnced OAT li insuBed) 

♦ Junvjer «fe*a!>le proaasor dock speeds {I. I 4. 2 MNi ( (ZMHz 
CPU eprjonail 

♦ Separate bufitrs tor the 6809 and the on card devices 



♦ 4 PROM/BOM/BAM sockets tor 
mondors and ins software (up to 
32 K) 

♦ PROM/ROM/RAM sockets in- 
dnridualty lumper settctiale tar 
single or multiple supply vcnaje 
and I. 8. 4 or 8K byte devices 

♦ IX oytes of scratttipad RAM 
(optional) 

♦ 6840 progranvraWe tuner with 
provoens tor nfereal dock, gale 
and output conntTMrrs 

♦ Tone oil Day Clock (581671 
w/Baitery backup (optional] 

♦ 9S11A or 9512 ArilfVMtJc Pro- 
cessor w/Jumpei selectable 2. 3. 
or 4 MHt deck speeds (optional) 

+ FPLA address decodinc lor the 8 
on card oevtces 4 PR0M/R0M/ 
RAM socked. 58167 9S1U/ 
9512. 6840 1K stratctoad RAM 

♦ Software switching at address 
conligurabons let Ihe 8 on card 
devices (allows soltware switch- 
ing between on board PR0M/ROM 
/RAM resident system monitors) 



NMI mow can be lumpered to tne bus « to an external connector 

BA & BS turner sftedab* tor independent or gated operation 

User delmed latch output 

Gold MOLEX connectors tor trouble tree conucl 

SS-50 and SSSOC compatible 

Full OMA capabilities (works with any of the 6809 OMA methods) 

Fun Slow memory capabilities 

Fully assembled, tested and burned in 



MOTE, the S1MIX 8809 CPU BOARDS bo not include a baud rate 
generator In systems trial requite a bawl rale generator. H must be 
provided elsewhere The GIMIX 6800/6809 mainframe includes a baud 
rale generator on the mother board 



<2l 



cimix 



inc. 



The Company that delivers 
Quality Electronic products since 1975. 



Phone, write, or see your dealer for details and 
prices on our broad range of Boards and 
Systems for the SS50/SS50C bus and our AC 
Power Control Products for all computers. 



6809 PLUS CPU #05 (With Time ot Oay Clock 
and Batteiy Backup Option Installed) $548.05 

The GIMIX 6809 PLUS CPU board has a variety of other op 
tions that may be ordered at the time of purchase or added 
later. It is fully socketed to allow adding the following options 
at any time. 

■2MHJ6809 S 25.00 

GIMIX ENHANCED Dynamic Address Translation S 35.00 

SWTPc Compatible OAT (required for SBUG-E) S 1 5.00 

1KNM0S Scratchpad HAM $ 11.80 

IK CMOS Scratchpad RAM w/Battery Backup S 45.00 

(rOS Boato Only) 

ARITHMETIC PROCESSORS 

951 1A (32 bit math w/ transcendental) 4 MH£ S312.00 
9512 {64 bit math only)3 MHz S265.00 



SYSTEM MONITORS 
FOR GIMIX 6809 CPU BOARDS 

GMXBUG 09 is available for all versions of the GIMIX 6809 
CPU BOARD. GMXBUG 09 includes advanced debugging 
capabilities, as well as utility and memory manipulation 
routines. It is available in both terminal and video based ver- 
sions. The terminal based version Is 2K long and requires a 
standard ASCII serial terminal. The video based version is 3K 
long and requires a GIMIX 60 x 24 VIDEO BOARD and a 
parallel ASCII Keyboard. The terminal verison can be upgrad- 
ed to video based by adding the extra 1K PROM, without 
modification to the original 2K terminal version. 



98.65 
30.00 



GMXBUG 09 6809 System Monitor (Terminal Based) 
Includes PflOMS. Manua and Source Listing 

Bootstrap PROM 

Itor GiMII and SWTP Sfc" Disk Sysiemjl 

Video PROM for GMXBUG 09 (Includes Bootstrap) S 30.00 

GMXBUG 09 Manual and Source Listing Only S 38.62 

(GMX8UG 09 does nol require a dynamic Address Translator. 
However, it can be used with your choice of either GIMIX or SWTPc 
OAT Please specily version desired when ordering.) 
(GMXBUG 09 requires the IK Scratchpad option on Ihe CPU board. 
The price for GMX8UG 09 Includes the 1K NMOS RAM option when 
ordered with me CPU) 

ToSubstitute CMOS RAM with the above Add S 33.20 

(•05 CPU Only) 
MICROWARE'S 0S9 and SWTPc SBUG-E monitors are also 
available, contact GIMIX for information and pricing. 



1337 WEST 37th PLACE, CHICAGO, IL 60609 
(312)927-5510 • TWX 910-221-4055 



.. 



SS-50 MEETS 
UCSD PASCAL 



FOR 6809 SYSTEMS 
56K RAM REQUIRED. 

IMMMEOIA I K 0EUVKKY I OK SW I l*C. CIMIX USERS, «'* OK 5'V niSKIsTl'KS 
SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING USERS. INQUIRE 

PREE' UCSD PASCAL USERS MANUAL PLUS 
SWTPC IMPLEMENTATION NOTES WITH CSI-I 



CSI-I O/S, PASCAL Compiler, Screen 
Editor. YALOF. (Line editor (nr 
hard-copy terminals), riler. 
Linker, Library. Setup, Binder, 
Interpreter. BIOS $250 00 

CSI-2 BASIC Compiler, 1-2 Editor, I'atth, 
Disassembler, Calculator » 100.00 





CSI-3 



MACHO Assemblers lor 6HW) and 
WOO $100.00 

ALL THREE DISKS AND MANUAL 
(SYSTEM I 5419.00 

Noiv Available! Pascal user-group ci>m- 
patible (IBM 3740) Disk Driver Routines 

S20 
,;s \\ I IX equipment compatible) 



TM 



UCSD PASCAL 
MEETS BUSINESS 

NEW MICRO-WINCHESTER DISK DRIVE FOR MICROCOMPUTERS 

CSI announces a new option for their UDS 470 microcom- 
puter: the micro-winchester hard disk drive. Available 4Q 
1980 the micro-winchester drive will replace one of the two 
mini-floppy drives now standard with trie UDS 470, thereby 
bringing a dramatic increase in on-line storage capacity. 

This increased storage — 6.38 Megabytes — makes the UDS 470 viable for business 
applications requiring more on-line storage than previously available with floppy 
disk drives. 

The micro-winchester drive will fit directly into the existing UDS 470 cabinet. Thus 
customers will realize the benefit of increased storage capacity without the disadvan- 
tage of finding space for a larger cabinet or an additional disk drive enclosure. 

CALL TOLL-FREE (800) 255-4411 

Continental U.S.A. only. (Kansas residents call (913) 371-6136) 



.si/ 



ism* 



CONTftOL SYSTEMS, tfiiC. 



MiCROSYSTEMS OfVtStON 

(612] 831 0214 



1317 Centrul. Kansas City, KS 66102 (913) 3716136 • 5200 West 73rd St.. Minneapolis. MM 55435 

Drawer EE, Williuimbuxg. VA 23185 (804) S64-9350 

'UCSD Pascal" is a registered trademark of The Regents of the University of California. 



68' Micro Journal 
3018 Hamill Rd 
Hixsort. TN 37343 






3/~ 



Sacond Class Postage Paid 

Al Chattanooga, TN 

ISSN 0194-5025 «V *" 

1 





uiu^tt^yi 



Ws know you hardcore bit hack- 
ers will recognize the computing 
power derived from combining the 
FORTH language with the 6809, 
today's most advanced 8 bit 
microprocessor 

And we know you'll understand 
this machine's 16 bit math, indirect 
addressing and two stacks are 
ideally suited for implementing 
FORTH 

But., should anyone need further 
convincing that FORTH provides a 
new dimension in power, speed 
and ease of operation, consider 
The following. 

• It's a modem, modular, structured- 
programming high-level com- 
piled language. 

• It's a combined interpreter, 
compiler, and operating system 

• It permits assembler code level 
control of machine, runs near 
speed of assembler code, and 
uses less memory space than 
assembler code. 

• It increases programmer produc- 
tivity and reduces memory hard- 
ware requirements. 



Coll or write today. 



• It replaces subroutines by 
individual words and related 
groups of words called 
Vocabularies. These are quickly 
modified and tested by editing 
1024-character text blocks, called 
screens, using built-in editor. 

tFORTH is a basic system imple- 
mented for SS-50 buss 6809 systems 
with the TSC FLEX 9,0 disk oper- 
ating system. It is available on 5V«" 
or 8" single density soft-sectored 
floppy disks $100.00 

tFORTH ♦ consists of tFORTH plus a 
complement of the following 
FORTH source code vocabularies: 
full assembler, cursor controlled 
screen editor, case statements, 
extended data types, general I/O 
drivers $250.00 

firm FORTH is an applications pack- 
age for use with tFORTH It provides 
for recompilation of the tFORTH 
nucleus, deletion of superfluous 
code and production of fully 
rommable code $350.00 

Also available for 6800 




KENYON 



1 



MICROSYSTEMS 

3350 Walnut Bend • Houston, Texas 77042 • (713) 978-6933 



"V 






y 









-